Improvement of digging shares of root harvesting machines based on rheological model of soil state

Abstract

Harvesting of root crops is one of the most important technological processes, which accounts for more than 30% of total costs in the performance of all technological operations. The most difficult technological process during the potato harvesting is the process of soil separation, which consists in the destruction of soil clods, and further their separation on the web elevators. It was established that the ability of soil to separate is determined by its state. These factors affect the ability to use potato harvesters and determine their efficiency. On loamy and clayey soils, the separation efficiency is reduced. The separation of the soil becomes much more difficult with increased its moisture. In order to intensify the process of destruction of the soil layer it is proposed to form in it destructive stresses along the entire path of movement along the working surface of the share. This can be achieved by creating a share with a curved working surface. The design of share working surface is based on the Coulomb-Mohr strength theory, according to which material failure occurs at various combinations of the main normal compression stresses and tension. At the same time, it is taken into account that the compressive strength of the soil is 3-7, and with a shear of 2.4-4.3 and more times, exceeds the tensile strength. Therefore, it is advisable to induce tensile stresses in the soil layer. Field trials have shown that replacing a flat share on a potato harvester with a new share with a curved working surface increases the efficiency of its technological process by intensifying the process of destruction of the soil layer.

Effects of Forward Speeds and Blade Angles of Potato Digger on Fuel Consumption and Tuber Mechanical Damages

“…Increasing the ground speed of the digging process will increase the resistance of the soil to the uprooting during operation, which will affect it and lead to its entry into the tuber spreading area, which increases the lifting of the tuber, These results are in agreement with. (Kalinin et al, 2021).…”

Design and Experimental Study of Potato-Soil Separation Device for Sticky Soils Condition

“…For digging devices, digging depth and overcoming resistance performance are determined by the shape size and structural form of the shovel. Vibratory [6,7], bionic [8,9], curved [10,11], and other digging shovels are widely studied and applied to sticky soils to achieve resistance reduction, thus reducing the power consumption of the whole machine. Digging depth is an important indicator, as the digging depth increases, the power consumption increases, the probability of potatoes not being harvested decreases.…”