Improvement of Fitness, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Children in a School-Based Exercise Program

Carrel, Aaron L.; Clark, Rachel; Peterson, Susan E.; Nemeth, Blaise A.; Sullivan, Jude C.; Allen, David B.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.159.10.963

Cited by 267 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

253

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Unfortunately, opportunities for school-based extracurricular sport participation have declined in recent years [9,10]. Time constraints, school funding reductions, and increased competition with various institutional academic demands have all contributed to this decline [11][12][13]. Current policies for school sport structure and delivery imposed by these constraints may be diminishing opportunities for all students to participate in school sports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Sport Participation Under Two School Sport Policies: Comparisons by Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background School-based extracurricular sport remains an effective strategy to increase physical activity. However, school sport is often limited to a small number of elite athletes. Few schools provide more inclusive sport programs that offer a wider array of activities regardless of ability. Purpose The aim of this study was to examine school sport participation in middle schools (ages 11-14) with contrasting school sport delivery strategies (intramural vs. interscholastic). Methods Data were obtained through an online survey administered to students at four public middle schools (grades 6-8) in a southeastern US city (n02,582). Results More students participated in school sports at intramural schools. Boys were more likely to participate in afterschool sports at intramural schools. Low-income and Black children, two groups at greater risk of physical inactivity and other negative outcomes, had greater participation in intramural programs. Conclusions After-school intramural sports in middle school is a promising strategy for increasing sport participation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Sport Participation Under Two School Sport Policies: Comparisons by Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4,14 These fi ndings reinforce the importance of developing actions and programs to change lifestyles among this age group, since their lifestyles are in formation. The literature documents the benefits of physical activity and of healthy nutrition upon skeletal health (mineral consent and bone density) [34][35][36]55 increased fl exibility and aerobic capacity 6,30,55 and in the inverse relationship with cardiovascular risk factors. 6,17,33,39,49 The practice of regular physical activity, when begun in childhood or adolescence, protects adults against physical inactivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efeito de intervenções sobre o índice de massa corporal em escolares

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of intervention programs using nutritional education, physical activity or both on the reduction of body mass index in school-age students. METHODS:The systematic review with meta-analysis included randomized controlled studies available from the following electronic databases for the years 1998 to 2010: PubMed, Lilacs, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. The descriptors were: randomized controlled trial, overweight, obesity, body mass index, child, adolescent, physical activity, nutrition education and Schools. A weighted average was based on the standardized means difference and used a 95% confi dence interval. The inconsistency test was utilized to evaluate the heterogeneity of studies. RESULTS:Initially, 995 studies were identifi ed, of which 23 were included, and 3 meta-analyses were performed. Isolated physical activity interventions did not present a signifi cant reduction in body mass index, with a standardized mean difference of -0.02 (95%CI: -0.08; 0.04). A similar result (n= 3,524) was observed in the isolated interventions of nutritional education, with a standardized mean difference of -0.03 (95%CI: -0.10; 0.04).When the interventions with physical activity and nutritional education were combined, the result of the meta-analysis (n= 9,997) presented a statistically signifi cant effect in the reduction of body mass index in school-age students, with a standardized mean difference: -0.37 (95%CI: -0.63; -0.12). CONCLUSIONS:The interventions that combined physical activity and nutritional education had more positive effects in the reduction of body mass index among school-age students than when they were applied individually.

show abstract

“…The most likely explanation is that exercise increases muscle mass and this offsets the effects of fat loss on weight and BMI; an effect also observed in other studies of physical activity. 8,18 We analyzed the results separately by gender because of previous findings of stronger effects either in girls 2,9 or Table 1 Demographic characteristics for pupils completing both years of data collection School PE and adiposity in adolescents J Wardle et al boys. 4,5 Our results resemble the M-Span study, 4 which examined the effects of increased opportunities for activity in school and found reduced adiposity in boys but not girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this study could have underestimated the effect of school PE by using BMI because it is relatively insensitive to changes in adiposity achieved through physical activity in view of increases in muscle mass. This was highlighted in Carrel et al 8 intervention, which achieved substantial changes in percentage body fat, while BMI differences were non-significant with a trend towards higher BMI in the intervention group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…When fitnessorientated PE classes were delivered under intensive supervision -thereby ensuring student participation -significant reductions in body fat as well as improvements in insulin sensitivity were achieved. 8 An alternative approach to evaluating the impact of school activity is to take advantage of variation between schools in the amount of physical education (PE) in the curriculum and compare changes in adiposity in pupils at schools with higher or lower PE time. This approach lacks the scientific rigor of a controlled trial but has the advantage of ecological validity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

School-based physical activity and changes in adiposity

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: School-based physical education (PE) is often proposed as a strategy for obesity prevention, but many trials have found non-significant effects on body mass index (BMI). We examined the impact of school PE on adiposity in adolescents, using an ecological analysis to relate the number of PE sessions to changes in BMI and waist circumference. Research methods and procedures: Five-year, longitudinal, school-based study involving 34 secondary schools in London, England. Students were aged 11-12 years at baseline. Twenty-five schools reported one weekly session of PE, seven schools reported two sessions and two boys' schools reported three sessions. Weights, heights and waist circumferences were measured annually, and complete data from the first and fifth years of the study were available on 2727 students. Analyses compared anthropometric changes between students in schools with higher or lower amounts of PE time. In boys, the comparisons were between those receiving 1, 2 or 3 weekly sessions. In girls, comparisons were between those receiving one and two sessions. Results: There were no differences in BMI changes or the percentage of students classified as obese between schools of higher and lower frequency of PE. However, using unadjusted data, there were lower gains in waist circumference in boys and girls from the higher PE schools. Controlling for baseline demographic and anthropometric characteristics, boys in schools providing 3 weekly PE sessions gained on average approximately 3 cm less than boys in schools providing one or two sessions (Po0.001). Differences in girls were in the same direction but not significant. Discussion: Higher levels of school PE were associated with lower gains in adiposity in boys. This strengthens the case for including recommendations on school PE time as part of population strategies to control adolescent obesity.

show abstract

Improvement of Fitness, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Children in a School-Based Exercise Program

Cited by 267 publications

References 35 publications

School Sport Participation Under Two School Sport Policies: Comparisons by Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status

School Sport Participation Under Two School Sport Policies: Comparisons by Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status

Efeito de intervenções sobre o índice de massa corporal em escolares

School-based physical activity and changes in adiposity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About