Improving Access to Medicines for Neglected Tropical Diseases in Developing Countries: Lessons from Three Emerging Economies

Holt, F.E.; Gillam, Stephen; Ngondi, Jeremiah

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001390

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Social inequities determine the persistence and the difficulties of controlling NTD, causing higher vulnerability and risk for these diseases 11 . Poverty is one of the determining factors for the occurrence and transmission of leprosy 7 , 13 , 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leprosy is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) with unequal occurrence, mainly in socioeconomically disadvantaged and marginalized populations in tropical countries 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite significant improvements in the control of leprosy in recent decades, the disease persists as a public health problem in many countries in the world, including Brazil 29 . Leprosy is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) with unequal occurrence, mainly in socioeconomically disadvantaged and marginalized populations in tropical countries 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social determinants of leprosy in a hyperendemic State in North Brazil

et al. 2017

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OBJECTIVE To identify the socioeconomic, demographic, operational, and health service-related factors associated with the occurrence of leprosy in a hyperendemic State in North Brazil.METHODS This is an ecological study based on secondary data from the Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação in municipalities of the State of Tocantins from 2001 to 2012. Units of analysis were the 139 municipalities of the State. Negative binomial log linear regression models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios.RESULTS In bivariate analysis, the incidence rate ratios were significantly higher for municipalities with higher income ratio of the poorest 20.0% (1.47; 95%CI 1.19–1.81) and better Municipal Human Development Index (1.53; 95%CI 1.14–2.06). In multivariate analysis, the incidence rate ratios were significantly higher in municipalities with higher proportion of immigrants (1.31; 95%CI 1.11–1.55) and higher proportion of households with waste collection (1.37; 95%CI 1.11–1.69). There was a significant reduction in the incidence rate ratio with increased coverage of the Bolsa Família Program (0.98; 95%CI 0.96–0.99).CONCLUSIONS Control programs need to focus on activities in municipalities of greater social vulnerability with intersectoral investment for the improvement of the living conditions of the population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leprosy is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) with unequal occurrence, mainly in socioeconomically disadvantaged and marginalized populations in tropical countries 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social determinants of leprosy in a hyperendemic State in North Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…While several large international foundations (such as the Gates and Clinton Foundations) have successfully negotiated reduced prices for medicines by guaranteeing purchases and continuous demand, such strategies only address a fraction of the access gap. Similarly, donation programs, albeit commendable, fail to address the systemic challenges requiring sustainable commitments and strategies (Holt, Gillam and Ngondi, 2012).…”

Section: Access To Health Goodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to medical products, vaccines, and medical technologies

Marks¹,

Benedict²

2013

Advancing the Human Right to Health

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“…Without adequate systems to deliver medicines to people, access gaps in LMICs cannot be ameliorated. For example, India has a thriving generics industry that is capable of ensuring the domestic supply of affordable medicines, yet large sections of Indian society remain without access to these (Holt et al, ). The value and benefit of medical innovation derives from its availability to those who need it.…”

Section: The Twin Challenge Of Innovation and Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%