Improving direct load control implementation by an inititative load control method

Abstract

Demand response (DR) as a state-of-the-art program is accommodated in the energy efficiency contexts of the smart grid. Lack of the customer knowledge about how to respond to the time-differentiated tariffs and offered controlling signals is the major obstacle in the way of broad DR implementing. As a solution, an optimization method, namely load control (LC), is proposed to automatically control the onloff status of the responsive appliances in a smart home. This paper focuses on the direct load control (DLC) program in the category of incentive-based DR programs. LC is extended to consider inconvenience cost of the DLC implementation for DLC program participants. Outputs of the extended LC would be an advice for the customer to determine whether it is financially profitable to participate in the offered DLC program or not. Numerical studies are effectuated to investigate different features of the LC and DLC program.

An overview of load management techniques in smart grid

“…A controller is used to execute the proposed algorithm in order to optimize customers' energy price and comfort level while taking into account current and near‐future tariffs and appliance constraints. Simulation results in prove that customers' convenience is the most prominent factor to decide their involvement in the DLC scheme.…”

“…In DLC, the utility takes over the control and has an authority to shut down or cycle consumer's electrical appliances (depending on the contractual terms). Incentive‐based LM programs like DLC pay the incentive money to the consumer for the time that they are asked to reduce or shutdown the load on short notice during peak period . The amount of electricity consumed by residential users is huge worldwide.…”

“…There are two types of loads: responsive and non‐responsive. The responsive loads respond to the signals of the utility while non‐responsive loads do not communicate with utility . Usually, the air conditioners load is reduced by increasing the set point in a predefined manner or by limiting the cycle run time.…”

“…In , a DLC‐based scheme is presented for demand side management that includes an algorithm aimed at minimizing users' energy cost as well as maximizing their comfort level. A controller is used to execute the proposed algorithm in order to optimize customers' energy price and comfort level while taking into account current and near‐future tariffs and appliance constraints.…”

A Review of Incentive Based Demand Response Methods in Smart Electricity Grids

“…The simulations exhibit a good performance of the proposed model. Rastegar et al (2013, April) propose an optimization formula that contains load control (LC) method. The load control method is extended in such a way that aims at determining the on/off status of responsive appliances and therefore to implement a direct load control scheme.…”