“…Nowadays, ithere ihas ibeen ia ilot iof iinterest ito ide velop imetaheuristic ioptimization ialgorithms (Dhiman, Guo, & Kaur, 2018;Dhi-man & Kumar, 2019b;Dhiman & Kaur, 2019b;Dhiman & Kumar, 2019a;Dhiman, Singh, Kaur, & Maini, 2019;Dhiman, 2019b;Singh et al, 2019;Dhiman, 2019aDhiman, , 2019cDehghani, Montazeri, Malik, Dhiman, & Kumar, 2019;Maini & Dhiman, 2018;Pallavi & Dhiman, 2018;Garg & Dhiman, 2020;S. Kaur, Awasthi, Sangal, & Dhiman, 2020) iwhich iare icomputationally iine xpensive, ifle xible, iand igradient ifree (Ragmani, Elomri, Abghour, Moussaid, & Rida, 2019;D. Yang, Wang, Tian, & Zhang, 2020;Balasubramanian & Marichamy, 2020).…”