Radium-223 (223Ra) offers a new option for the treatment of bone
metastases from prostate cancer. As cancer treatment progresses towards
personalization, the potential for an individualized approach is exemplified in
treatments with radiotherapeutics due to the unique ability to image in
vivo the uptake and retention of the therapeutic agent. This is
unmatched in any other field of medicine. Currently, 223Ra is
administered according to standard fixed administrations, modified according to
patient weight. Although gamma emissions comprise only 1% of the total emitted
energy, there are increasing reports that quantitative imaging is feasible and
can facilitate patient-specific dosimetry. The aim of this article is to review
the application of imaging and dosimetry for 223Ra and to consider
the potential for treatment optimization accordingly, in order to ensure
clinical and cost effectiveness of this promising agent.