Improving the performance of a high power, lead–acid battery with paste additives

Dayton, T.C.; Edwards, Dean B.

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(99)00392-4

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The applications include starting-lighting-ignition (SLI) batteries for cars, small-capacity consumer batteries, and large-capacity stationary batteries. Recently, this rechargeable electrochemical storage system has also attracted public attention as an electric source for an electric car from the point of views of environmental problems [1][2][3]. This is due to the main advantages of this system: availability, low cost, satisfactory power density, safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pitch-based carbon foam current collectors on the electrochemical properties of lead acid battery negative electrodes

Chen

et al. 2008

J Appl Electrochem

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Pitch-based carbon foams prepared by a template method were used as negative current collectors to assemble flooded lead acid batteries, and the effect of the current collectors on the performance of the negative electrodes was investigated. Comparative galvanostatic charge-discharge tests show that the utilization efficiencies of the active material on the carbon foam negative current collector are 14% and 30% higher than those of the material on a lead grid one at 20 and 10 h discharge rates, respectively. Further EIS tests imply that there are also significant differences in the impedance spectra between the two electrodes. SEM images reveal that at the fully charged state, the particle size of the active material formed on the carbon foam current collector is much more uniform than that on the lead grid.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pitch-based carbon foam current collectors on the electrochemical properties of lead acid battery negative electrodes

Chen

et al. 2008

J Appl Electrochem

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“…The life of lead-acid batteries is limited due to grid corrosion of the positive grid and sulfation at both the positive and negative electrodes during storage and heavy-duty operations. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In general, lead-calcium-tin alloy grids are used as current collectors in lead-acid batteries. The grids in lead-acid batteries do not only act as a mechanical support for the active mass but also play a vital role in dispensing current to the whole part of the plate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Corrosion Resistant Polypyrrole Coated Lead-Alloy Positive Grids for Advanced Lead-Acid Batteries

Naresh¹,

Elias²,

Gaffoor³

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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We herein report a method for reducing lead-alloy positive grid corrosion in lead acid batteries by developing a polypyrrole (ppy) coating on to the surface of lead-alloy grids through potentiostatic polymerization technique. The experimental results demonstrate that the presence of ppy coating significantly enhances the corrosion resistance and inhibits the oxygen evolution rate as compare to bare grids. C-rate studies of 2 V/2.6 Ah lead-acid cells show ∼15-20% improvement in capacity at low charge-discharge rates (C/20-C/5) and ∼10% at high C rates (C/2 and 3C) for the cells with ppy coating grids in relation to conventional lead-acid cells.

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“…[6][7][8][9] Besides the structure and additives used, the specific energy of lead-acid batteries is also closely related to the uniformity of current distribution on the plates and electrolyte stratification. [10][11][12][13] Because the sulfuric acid reacts with the active mass ͑AM͒ on positive and negative plates in the charge/discharge processes, the concentration distribution of sulfuric acid is uneven in the electrolyte. Therefore, the electrolyte stratification is a ubiquitous phenomenon in lead-acid batteries and the severe stratification often occurs in large-scale batteries, PV applications, and batteries at a high discharge or charge rate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Electrolyte Stratification on Performances of Flood Lead-Acid Batteries

Guo

Wen-zhu

2007

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The electrolyte stratification in the charge/discharge of lead-acid cells was monitored by a sensor of H 2 SO 4 specific gravity and an in situ electrochemical scan technique was used to measure the current distribution directly on the plates in the rest state. A simulated cell was set up to study the electrochemical behavior of lead-acid batteries with electrolyte stratification. The active mass ͑AM͒ in the lower part is discharged in preference to that in the upper part. During recharging, however, the AM in the upper part is more easily charged. The more concentrated the H 2 SO 4 solution, the finer the formed AM becomes. Two mechanisms of sulfation have been proposed. For the batteries often at rest or in the discharge state at very low current, the sulfation occurs in the lower part of the plates, but for the batteries in continual cycles at a high current, it often appears in the upper part.

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Improving the performance of a high power, lead–acid battery with paste additives

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of pitch-based carbon foam current collectors on the electrochemical properties of lead acid battery negative electrodes

Influence of pitch-based carbon foam current collectors on the electrochemical properties of lead acid battery negative electrodes

Corrosion Resistant Polypyrrole Coated Lead-Alloy Positive Grids for Advanced Lead-Acid Batteries

Effects of Electrolyte Stratification on Performances of Flood Lead-Acid Batteries

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