Improving the Performance of the Mini 2000 Mass Spectrometer with a Triboelectric Nanogenerator Electrospray Ionization Source

Abstract

Balancing the contradiction between portability and analytical performances of a miniaturized mass spectrometer is vital to extend its on-site applications. In this study, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-driven ion sources were coupled with our home-built Mini 2000 system and applied to the analyses of different samples. Compared with the conventional direct current (DC) nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI) source, the ion intensity of the TENG-nanoESI miniature mass spectrometer was improved by ∼3 times. Moreover, maybe due to the different pathways of ion formation in comparison with DC electrospray, TENG electrospray is shown to reduce the salt suppression effect during ionization. With these figures of merit, the direct detection of reserpine in saliva was demonstrated using the TENG-Mini 2000 system.

Triboelectric Nanogenerators for the Masses: A Low-Cost Do-It-Yourself Pulsed Ion Source for Sample-Limited Applications

“…This new construction provides a 20-fold decrease in cost and 30-fold decrease in size compared to previously reported TENG designs, putting it on par with the power supply equipment required for pulsed DC nESI in terms of footprint while maintaining a lower cost. − This signifcantly smaller device opens new opportunities for conducting nESI experiments in frugal academic settings, including mobile field demonstrations when powered by a small portable power station or battery. Additionally, this new portability lends well to the growing field of on-site and point of care mass spectrometry. ,− We demonstrate this new design is capable of reproducing previously reported data with high fidelity while unveiling new TENG nESI mechanisms not previously reported. We provide extensive step-by-step build instructions with the goal of democratizing TENG nESI for a wider audience in the MS field.…”

Triboelectrification-Induced Electricity in Self-Healing Hydrogel for Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Ultra-sensitive Pressure Monitoring

“…However, as traditional power supply methods, batteries and capacitors require frequent charging and maintenance due to limited capacitance, which affect the continuous operation and stability of wearable electronics, especially in harsh environments. , At the same time, discarded batteries/capacitors also cause serious pollution to the environment. − Therefore, developing high-performance sustainable energy technologies becomes one of the important research topics. In 2012, Wang’s group first invented the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) that can convert various kinds of mechanical energies into electrical energy for self-powered electronics, such as human motion energy, vibration energy, , wind energy, , rain drop energy, water wave energy, , and sound energy. , With continuous research and progress, the output performance of TENGs have been greatly improved, − which facilitates their practical process in daily life. It plays a very good supplementary role to traditional energy and is of great significance to the realization of carbon neutrality goals.…”

Development of a triboelectric nanogenerator with enhanced electrical output performance by embedding electrically charged microparticles

“…In addition to the development of high-performance batteries, the use of energy harvesting technologies as auxiliary power sources has recently emerged as an alternative solution for prolonging the operation lifetime of wireless devices [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Energy harvesters that generate a small amount of electrical energy by converting various types of scavenged energy are called nanogenerators; several nanogenerators with various operating mechanisms, such as piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, electromagnetism, and triboelectricity, have been successfully developed and demonstrated [10][11][12].…”