Improving tribological properties of tool steels through combination of deep-cryogenic treatment and plasma nitriding

Evaluation of wear performance of cryogenically treated Vanadis 4 Extra tool steel

“…In the longer holding times, the progress of the carbon segregation increases carbide precipitate sizes, thereby decreasing the number of carbides and their homogenized distribution. This is in agreement with the previous studies reported in the literature [23][24][25][26]. In this study, tempering was carried out at temperatures of 175 and 525…”

Tribocorrosion and Electrochemical Behavior of DIN 1.4110 Martensitic Stainless Steels After Cryogenic Heat Treatment

“…However, cryogenic treatments are an option to increase martensite content after conventional quenching. As a consequence of the greater content of martensite, these treatments confer to the steel an increase in dimensional stability, hardness, and wear and fatigue resistance [10][11][12][13] . Cryogenic treatments are usually carried out at -80 ºC and -196 ºC, corresponding to dry ice sublimation temperature and liquid nitrogen boiling temperature, respectively 12 .…”

Induction surface hardening of 42CrMo4 steel tubes designed for rotary percussive drilling equipment

“…The white compound layer depth on the nitrided tube surface was estimated by optical microscopy to be 0.005…0.010 mm, and its microhardness was 800…850 HV 10 . The depth of the diffusion layer was 0.5…0.6 mm with the hardness near the surface 660…700 HV 100 .…”