Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease Are Associated with Dysfunction in Stimulus Valuation But Not Action Valuation

Piray, Payam; Zeighami, Yashar; Bahrami, Fariba; Eissa, Abeer M.; Hewedi, Doaa H.; Moustafa, Ahmed A.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4063-13.2014

Cited by 74 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Individuals with a history of self-reported cocaine use also responded in a way that was qualitatively similar to cocaine users in the laboratory sample from Experiment 1. Control participants did not show suboptimal performance, consistent with previous studies in healthy, non-clinical populations (e.g., Bodi et al, 2009; Herzallah et al, 2013; Piray et al, 2014; Somlai et al, 2011). These differences were observed after controlling for demographic factors indicating that this effect was likely not the result of other differences between these groups.…”

Section: Discussion: Experimentssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Previous studies have also shown decreased learning from positive outcomes in non-medicated Parkinson’s patients (Bodi et al, 2009; Piray et al, 2014). Parkinson’s disease is characterized by neuronal death and disruptions in dopaminergic signaling in areas of the brain involved in reinforcement learning, including the mesocorticolimbic region in addition to characteristic damage along the nigrostriatal pathway (Jellinger, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Non-medicated Parkinson’s patients show a decreased sensitivity to positive, but not negative, outcomes relative to controls (Bodi et al, 2009; Piray et al, 2014). This impairment is reversed following treatment with dopaminergic drugs, which suggests that decrements in learning from positive outcomes may be associated with alterations in dopaminergic signaling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Differential sensitivity to learning from positive and negative outcomes in cocaine users

Strickland

Bolin

Lile

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Altered sensitivity to positive and negative outcomes may be linked to the maladaptive choices characteristic of substance use disorders. Few studies have determined the distinct roles that positive and negative outcomes play in stimulus-response learning in cocaine users. The purpose of the present study was to investigate sensitivity to learning from positive and negative outcomes on a probabilistic learning task in cocaine users employing human laboratory and crowdsourcing techniques. Methods Individuals who reported cocaine use were recruited for a laboratory study (Experiment 1) or an online study on Amazon.com’s Mechanical Turk (mTurk) (Experiment 2). All participants completed a feedback-based probabilistic learning task in which images were classified into categories (A versus B). Positive and negative outcomes were provided in a probabilistic manner on separate trials. Proportion of optimal responses and response times were recorded. Results Active cocaine users were less sensitive to learning from positive relative to negative outcomes. These effects were consistent across image type and session in the laboratory sample. Similarly, reduced sensitivity to learning from positive outcomes was observed in cocaine users on mTurk. Control participants did not show suboptimal performance following positive or negative outcomes. Conclusions This study extends the limited research on feedback-based learning in drug users by demonstrating reduced sensitivity to positive outcomes in cocaine users recruited in the human laboratory and online. Future studies on the clinical significance and mechanisms underlying this bias are needed to understand its relevance as a target for intervention development.

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Section: Discussion: Experimentssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Differential sensitivity to learning from positive and negative outcomes in cocaine users

Strickland

Bolin

Lile

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…As noted above, RL theories assume that learning is based on a prediction error signal that is used to update the learner’s expectations and guide action selection; PE may be encoded by nigrostriatal dopamine (38); targets in the ventral striatum then use these signals to update predictions and guide learning (39). Piray et al (40) examined patients with Parkinson’s disease, a disorder that involves progressive cell loss in the ventral striatum, who had also developed impulse control disorders. When these patients were tested on their normal dopaminergic medication, the patients showed enhanced reward learning, but impaired punishment learning, relative to matched controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning and generalization from reward and punishment in opioid addiction

Myers

Rego

Haber

et al. 2017

Behavioural Brain Research

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This study adapts a widely-used acquired equivalence paradigm to investigate how opioid-addicted individuals learn from positive and negative feedback, and how they generalize this learning. The opioid-addicted group consisted of 33 participants with a history of heroin dependency currently in a methadone maintenance program; the control group consisted of 32 healthy participants without a history of drug addiction. All participants performed a novel variant of the acquired equivalence task, where they learned to map some stimuli to correct outcomes in order to obtain reward, and to map other stimuli to correct outcomes in order to avoid punishment; some stimuli were implicitly “equivalent” in the sense of being paired with the same outcome. On the initial training phase, both groups performed similarly on learning to obtain reward, but as memory load grew, the control group outperformed the addicted group on learning to avoid punishment. On a subsequent testing phase, the addicted and control groups performed similarly on retention trials involving previously-trained stimulus-outcome pairs, as well as on generalization trials to assess acquired equivalence. Since prior work with acquired equivalence tasks has associated stimulus-outcome learning with the nigrostriatal dopamine system, and generalization with the hippocampal region, the current results are consistent with basal ganglia dysfunction in the opioid-addicted patients. Further, a selective deficit in learning from punishment could contribute to processes by which addicted individuals continue to pursue drug use even at the cost of negative consequences such as loss of income and the opportunity to engage in other life activities.

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“…Meanwhile, PD patients without ICDs showed no difference between reward and punishment learning (Balasubramani et al ., 2015). In another study, PD patients with ICDs were shown to exhibit hyposensitivity to loss (Piray et al ., 2014). Multiple studies have demonstrated that dopaminergic medications in PD patients—highly associated with ICDs—prevents learning from negative decision outcomes (Frank, 2006) (Frank, 2005) (Cools et al ., 2006) (Frank and O’Reilly, 2006).…”

Section: Impulse Control Parkinson’s Disease and The Stn: Major mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Subthalamic Nucleus, Limbic Function, and Impulse Control

2015

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It has been well documented that deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) to address some of the disabling motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) can evoke unintended effects, especially on non-motor behavior. This observation has catalyzed more than a decade of research concentrated on establishing trends and identifying potential mechanisms for these non-motor effects. While many issues remain unresolved, the collective result of many research studies and clinical observations has been a general recognition of the role of the STN in mediating limbic function. In particular, the STN has been implicated in impulse control and the related construct of valence processing. A better understanding of STN involvement in these phenomena could have important implications for treating impulse control disorders (ICDs). ICDs affect up to 40% of PD patients on dopamine agonist therapy and approximately 15% of PD patients overall. ICDs have been reported to be associated with STN DBS. In this paper we will focus on impulse control and review pre-clinical, clinical, behavioral, imaging, and electrophysiological studies pertaining to the limbic function of the STN.

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Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease Are Associated with Dysfunction in Stimulus Valuation But Not Action Valuation

Cited by 74 publications

References 53 publications

Differential sensitivity to learning from positive and negative outcomes in cocaine users

Differential sensitivity to learning from positive and negative outcomes in cocaine users

Learning and generalization from reward and punishment in opioid addiction

The Subthalamic Nucleus, Limbic Function, and Impulse Control

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