Impulsive aggression in adults with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Dowson, J. H.; Blackwell, Andrew D.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01460.x

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These results resemble findings from studies with ADHD children and adolescents, which have reported a closer relation of ADHD with reactive aggression than with proactive aggression (Bennett et al 2004;Waschbusch and Willoughby 2007). Likewise, Dowson and Blackwell (2010) recently reported findings from a study with adults with ADHD, which indicate that ADHD is a predictor for comorbid impulsive aggression.…”

Section: Modelsupporting

confidence: 86%

Association of ADHD with reactive and proactive violent behavior in a forensic population

Retz

Rösler

2010

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

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ADHD is associated with social problems and aggressive behavior. As hyperactive-impulsive traits are core symptoms of ADHD, it has been hypothesized that reactive-impulsive violence is more likely related to ADHD psychopathology than proactive-instrumental violence. One hundred and twenty-seven adult violent offenders participated in the study. Diagnosis of ADHD and ratings of reactive and proactive features of the committed crimes were performed using standardized instruments. According to DSM-IV, 16.5% subjects fulfilled diagnostic criteria for ADHD, 23.6% were diagnosed as ADHD in partial remission, and 59.8% had no ADHD. Univariate analyses revealed higher reactive violence ratings in both ADHD groups when compared to subjects without ADHD, whereas the opposite was found regarding proactive violence ratings. Using multivariate analyses of variance controlled for age, gender and comorbid substance use disorders, childhood ADHD psychopathology and current ADHD significantly increased the risk of reactive violence and decreased the risk of proactive violence. Significant impact of male gender on proactive violence was found. The findings suggest that ADHD is associated with reactive but not proactive violence in aggressive offenders.

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Section: Modelsupporting

confidence: 86%

Association of ADHD with reactive and proactive violent behavior in a forensic population

Retz

Rösler

2010

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

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“…In a more recent study by the same research group, Dowson and Blackwell [44] investigated impulsive aggression in 73 adults with DSM-IV ADHD adults (mean age of 29). Using questionnaires, they looked at both externally directed aggression and autoaggression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only three studies used a sample of adults (older than 18 years) [43-45], of which two were by the same research group [43,44]. Given what has just been described about the potential effect of age on ADHD symptoms, more studies are required which use samples to include older people in order to elucidate the effect of ADHD over the course of their lifetime.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of ADHD symptoms to self-harm behaviours: a systematic PRISMA review

Allely

2014

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundSelf-harm is a major public health issue in young people worldwide and there are many challenges to its management and prevention. Numerous studies have indicated that ADHD is associated with completed suicides and other suicidal behaviours (i.e., suicidal attempt and ideation). However, significantly less is known about the association between ADHD and self-harm.MethodThis is the first review of the association between ADHD and self-harm. A systematic PRISMA review was conducted. Two internet-based bibliographic databases (Medline and CINAHL) were searched to access studies which examined to any degree the association between, specifically, ADHD and self-harm.ResultsOnly 15 studies were identified which investigated the association between ADHD and self-harm and found evidence to support that ADHD is a potential risk factor for self-harm.ConclusionThis association raises the need for more awareness of self-harm in individuals with symptoms of ADHD.

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“…There is a high prevalence of psychological problems in the parents of children with ADHD, especially adult ADHD itself 15 , but also depression, anxiety 16 and aggression. 17 Maternal depression is associated with parental criticism and hostility 18 and aggression in parents is linked to poor parenting practices. 19 The final question to be addressed relates to the extent to which different aspects of EE show a similar set of shared familial and child specific influences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling Child and Family Influences on Maternal Expressed Emotion Toward Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cartwright¹,

Bitsakou²,

Daley³

et al. 2011

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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Objective: We used multi-level modelling of sib-pair data to disentangle the influence of child-specific and shared family influences on maternal expressed emotion (MEE) towards children and adolescents with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: MEE was measured for 60 ADHD proband-unaffected sibling pairs aged 6-17 years using the Five Minute Speech Sample. Questionnaire measures of conduct and emotional problems were collected for children and measures of depression and ADHD were collected for mothers. Multilevel models partitioned the effects of 5 MEE components (Initial Statement -IS, Relationship -REL, Warmth -WAR, Critical Comments -CC and Positive Comments -PC) into (i) child-specific and (ii) shared family effects. Results: Significant child-specific influences were confirmed for all MEE components, with higher levels of MEE expressed toward probands than siblings. For REL, PC, and CC, this effect was explained by comorbid conduct problems rather than ADHD. Only low WAR was associated with ADHD itself. Furthermore, only low WAR showed shared familial influences which were in part accounted for by maternal depression.Conclusions: MEE towards ADHD children was influenced by child-specific factors. For most components these were driven by comorbid symptoms of conduct problems rather than ADHD itself. WAR was different -it was influenced by both child-specific and shared familial effects and the child effects showed no relation to conduct problems. Further studies utilising a longitudinal design are required to establish the direction of causation and extend our understanding of the relationship between EE components and ADHD.

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Impulsive aggression in adults with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 35 publications

References 41 publications

Association of ADHD with reactive and proactive violent behavior in a forensic population

Association of ADHD with reactive and proactive violent behavior in a forensic population

The association of ADHD symptoms to self-harm behaviours: a systematic PRISMA review

Disentangling Child and Family Influences on Maternal Expressed Emotion Toward Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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