Impulsive decision making and working memory.

Hinson, John M.; Jameson, Tina; Whitney, Paul

doi:10.1037/0278-7393.29.2.298

Cited by 435 publications

(470 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Taxing working memory reduces people's ability to keep their long-term goals in mind and has detrimental consequences for self-control ability (Hinson et al, 2003;Shiv & Fedorikhin, 1999;Ward & Mann, 2000). Conversely, taxing the response inhibition component of executive functioning increases response inhibition in unrelated domains, which has a positive effect on self-control ability.…”

Section: Implications For Executive Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The propagation of self-control: Self-control in one domain simultaneously improves self-control in other domains.

Tuk¹,

Zhang²,

Sweldens³

2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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A rich tradition in self-control research has documented the negative consequences of exerting self-control in one task for self-control performance in subsequent tasks. However, there is a dearth of research examining what happens when people exert self-control in multiple domains simultaneously. The current research aims to fill this gap. We integrate predictions from the most prominent models of self-control with recent neuropsychological insights in the human inhibition system to generate the novel hypothesis that exerting effortful self-control in one task can simultaneously improve self-control in completely unrelated domains. An internal meta-analysis on all 18 studies we conducted shows that exerting self-control in one domain (i.e., controlling attention, food consumption, emotions or thoughts) simultaneously improves self-control in a range of other domains, as demonstrated by, for example, reduced unhealthy food consumption, better Stroop task performance, and less impulsive decision making. A subset of nine studies demonstrates the crucial nature of task timing -when the same tasks are executed sequentially, our results suggest the emergence of an ego depletion effect. We provide conservative estimates of the self-control facilitation (d = |0.22|) as well as the ego depletion effect size (d = |0.17|) free of data selection and publication biases. These results (i) shed new light on self-control theories, (ii) confirm recent claims that previous estimates of the ego depletion effect size were inflated due to publication bias, and (iii) provide a blueprint for how to handle the power issues and associated file drawer problems commonly encountered in multi-study research projects.

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Section: Implications For Executive Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The propagation of self-control: Self-control in one domain simultaneously improves self-control in other domains.

Tuk¹,

Zhang²,

Sweldens³

2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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“…The mechanism of this relationship is unclear. Since working memory load is associated with faster temporal discounting (Hinson, Jameson & Whitney, 2003), the relationship in question may stem from the working memory's involvement in intelligence by maintaining an active mental image of the goal and integrating diverse information (Shamosh & Gray, 2008). An alternative explanation is offered in the meta-analysis by Shamosh & Gray (2008), which showed that taking into account non-verbal intelligence resulted in only a slight increase in the relationship between intelligence and temporal discounting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social discounting rate is negatively correlated with fluid intelligence

Osiński

Ostaszewski

Karbowski

2014

Personality and Individual Differences

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ArticleSocial discounting rate is negatively correlated with fluid intelligence Personality and Individual Differences Suggested Citation: Osiński, Jerzy; Ostaszewski, Paweł; Karbowski, Adam (2014) : Social discounting rate is negatively correlated with fluid intelligence, Personality and Individual Differences, ISSN 0191-8869, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Vol. 59, pp. 44-49, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013 The purpose of the study was to verify a hypothesis, inspired by the handicap principle, of a positive relationship between subjective value of a hypothetical monetary reward shared with others and the level of fluid intelligence. Manipulation involved the amount of reward to be shared (small vs. large amount) and subject's relationship to recipients (related vs. unrelated). As expected, a positive correlation was found between the subjective value of a reward to be shared with others, measured as the area under the curve for the discounting function and Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices scores, but the relationship was only present for rewards shared with relatives. In addition, participants who made altruistic choices in all items scored higher in RPM than those who were not as consistent.The implications of results for the evolutionary interpretation of the relationship between intelligence and altruism are discussed.

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“…Lower working memory capacity or reduced deliberation / reflection time when making decisions are associated with impulsive decisions (Finn et al, 2002). Studies show that lower working memory capacity in younger populations is associated with less advantageous, impulsive decision-making (Bechara & Martin, 2004;Finn et al, 2002;Hinson et al, 2003). Furthermore, MRI studies have shown that aging is highly correlated with shrinkage in prefrontal regions such as the lateral prefrontal cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, and in prefrontal grey and white matter volumes (Raz et al, 2004(Raz et al, , 1997.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Older adults make less advantageous decisions than younger adults: Cognitive and psychological correlates

Fein

McGillivray

Finn

2007

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

141

114

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This study tested the hypotheses that older adults make less advantageous decisions than younger adults on the Iowa gambling task (IGT). Less advantageous decisions, as measured by the IGT, are characterized by choices that favor larger versus smaller immediate rewards, even though such choices may result in long-term negative consequences. The IGT, and measures of neuropsychological function, personality, and psychopathology were administered to 164 healthy adults 18-85 years of age. Older adults performed less advantageously on the IGT compared with younger adults. Additionally, a greater number of older adult's IGT performances were classified as 'impaired' when compared to younger adults. Less advantageous decisions were associated with obsessive symptoms in older adults and with antisocial symptoms in younger adults. Performance on the IGT was positively associated with auditory working memory and psychomotor function in young adults, and in immediate memory in older adults.

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Impulsive decision making and working memory.

Cited by 435 publications

References 60 publications

The propagation of self-control: Self-control in one domain simultaneously improves self-control in other domains.

The propagation of self-control: Self-control in one domain simultaneously improves self-control in other domains.

Social discounting rate is negatively correlated with fluid intelligence

Older adults make less advantageous decisions than younger adults: Cognitive and psychological correlates

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