Imunização ativa e passiva no prematuro extremo

Tavares, Eduardo Carlos; Ribeiro, José Geraldo Leite; Oliveira, Lorenza A.

doi:10.1590/s0021-75572005000200011

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Many safety, effectiveness and cost-benefit studies have been developed and published (Tavares et al 2005). Passive immunization has been effective and can reduce the hospitalization related to RSV rates up to 55%, especially in preterm children (Vieira et al 2001, The PREVENT Study Group 1997.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: From Discovery to Treatment

Chong-Silva¹

2014

VR&R

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To review the epidemiology, identifi cation, clinical patterns and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection. Raised available studies in the MEDLINE database using the keywords respiratory syncytial virus, respiratory infection, bronchiolitis and indirect immunofl uorescence in international studies since 1980. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) was fi rst time isolated in 1956 and became the most frequently agent found, especially in the lower respiratory tract of children. It is responsible for signifi cant morbidity and mortality in children younger than 18 months with risk factors such as prematurity and heart disease. It shows well-defi ned distribution along the year. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry and standardized molecular techniques to identify the virus have been described. Th e specifi c treatment of RSV infection is still limited. Antiviral agents as ribavirin showed limited eff ectiveness and restricted to use in a few patients with severe heart disease. Vaccines needs further studies before marketed. Humanized monoclonal antibody -palivizumab -is safe, well tolerated and the most cost-eff ective when used in children at risk for severe RSV infection. Th e high rate of children hospital admissions by RSV infection is a public health issue. Treatment is yet supportive and non specifi c according to severity. Epidemiologic surveillance, routine virus identifi cation and acessibility to health centers are the key points to control infection by this virus.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: From Discovery to Treatment

Chong-Silva¹

2014

VR&R

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“…Salvo situações especiais (14) , os RNs com peso de nascimento superior a dois quilos ou idade gestacional superior a 35 semanas de gestação devem ser vacinados nas mesmas idades que os nascidos a termo, já que não têm sido encontradas diferenças entre esses grupos.…”

Section: Cuidando Da Imunizaçãounclassified

Prática de imunização da criança prematura

Morais

Quirino²

2010

Cienc. Cuid. Saúde

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RESUMO A imunização de prematuros suscita preocupações e dúvidas, pois existem tabus e informações contraditórias sobre a vacinação dessas crianças. Ressalta-se que o prematuro tem necessidades específicas e exige cuidado diferenciado, inclusive um esquema vacinal apropriado. O estudo teve como objetivos identificar como a imunização é realizada em crianças prematuras e descrever os aspectos que interferem na imunização do prematuro. O estudo é descritivo-qualitativo e consistiu em entrevistar sete mães de prematuros nos seus domicílios. Os dados foram coletados entre maio a agosto de 2007, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e observação descritiva, e analisados quanto ao conteúdo. Os relatos das mães mostraram que os profissionais adotaram parâmetros diferentes para iniciar e/ou continuar a vacinação dos filhos: uns consideraram a idade e outros o peso. Estas diferentes condutas adotadas podem resultar na exposição da criança a doenças infectocontagiosas. Conclui-se ser necessário realizar periodicamente cursos de atualização para os profissionais responsáveis pela imunização, com vista a garantir a proteção adequada das crianças prematuras.

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“…The antibodies can be administered both to people who are likely to be exposed to a pathogen as well as to patients with active infections [6]. Passive antibody therapy was the first consistently effective antimicrobial strategy.…”

Section: Polyclonal Antibodies (Ivig -Intravenous Immunoglobulin)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies as Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Oliveira¹,

Nunes²,

Pires³

et al. 2008

AIAMC

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The treatment of infectious diseases has been complicated by the rising of new pathogens, the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains and the relative inefficacy of antimicrobial chemotherapy in immunocompromised hosts. This has led to renewed interest in the utilization of antibody-based therapies as anti-infective agents. Antibody-based therapies are effective against a wide variety of pathogens. In recent years they have become first-line therapy for a variety of conditions that include viral infections, inflammatory disorders, and certain malignancies. Renewed interest in antibody-based therapies is a consequence of major advances in antibody production technology and the need for new therapeutic agents. Dozens of antibody preparations are in clinical use. Several monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are now licensed for clinical use and many are in advanced clinical development. As a class, antibody-based therapies have significant advantages and disadvantages when compared to conventional antimicrobial chemotherapy. Advantages include versatility, specificity, and antimicrobial activities not available in antibiotic drugs, such as toxin and viral neutralization, opsonisation, complement activation and the enhancement of host immune function. Disadvantages include expense, the necessity for early and accurate diagnosis prior to use, and the complex logistics necessary for therapeutic use. Advances in antibody technology have minimized some of the disadvantages associated with antibody therapy. The recent spread of hybridoma technology among laboratories has promoted the development of mAb use against a wide variety of infectious disease agents. Monoclonal antibodies have in fact been used to identify new antigenic determinants in various microorganisms, to show antigenic differences between species, strains, types and development cycles and to reveal the existence of natural antigenic variants. While mAb theoretically represent an excellent (perhaps superior) alternative to conventional antisera as diagnostic, therapeutic or laboratory reagents, traditional antisera may be preferable to mAb in some circumstances because of its fixed affinity and specificity as well as the limited functional capacities of some antibodies. The acceptance of mAb by the clinical microbiologist and physician must await proof of their reliability, safety and efficacy. Continued success in the development of antibody-based therapies will require extensive clinical research to learn how to use these compounds optimally and immunological research to define the basic mechanisms of antibody action. Given the need for new antimicrobial therapies and many recent technological advances in the field of immunoglobulin research, there is considerable optimism regarding renewed applications of antibody-based therapy for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. In this paper, we review the applications of immune therapy for infectious diseases.

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Imunização ativa e passiva no prematuro extremo

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: From Discovery to Treatment

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: From Discovery to Treatment

Prática de imunização da criança prematura

Antibodies as Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

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