In-Hospital Results of Minimally Invasive Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate the in-hospital results of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) on the beating heart.Methods. 146 patients with stable coronary artery disease and hemodynamically significant LAD lesions were included in a single-center prospective study. The study endpoints included death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, bleedings associated with the CABG, repeated non-elective myocardial revascularization during the in-hospital period. The completeness of the performed revascularization was assessed by estimating the residual SYNTAX score. Additionally, the volume of perioperative blood loss and patients’ ICU and in-hospital length of stay were recorded. Wound complications, heart rhythm and conduction disturbances, respiratory complications were assessed.Results. The mean patient age was 60±8.9 (36–82) years. The mean EuroScore II was 1.61±1.66%. The SYNTAX score was 11.7±9.5 (5–25.5) scores. After MIDCAB, the residual SYNTAX was 1.8±2.1 (0–12.5). The majority of patients had single-vessel disease (n = 108; 73.9%). More than half of the patients had postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICS). 17.8% of patients had diabetes mellitus. 19% of patients were present with class 1–2 obesity. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the total sample was 61.3±7.5% (37–74%). Eight patients (5.5%) required the conversion of lateral minitracotomy to sternotomy followed by the LAD grafting on the beating heart. The mean volume of intraoperative blood loss was 293.4±117.9 mL. Reasonable incomplete myocardial revascularization was achieved in 24.7% of cases. There were no cases of in-hospital deaths in the study cohort. The incidence of MI, stroke and repeated non-elective myocardial revascularization was within the acceptable range of 0.7%, 0% and 2.7%, respectively. 6.1% of patients (n = 9) had wound complications (deep incisional surgical site infection). The mean length of stay in the intensive care unit was 1±0.2 days. The absolute majority of patients (n = 108) were discharged from the Department of Cardiac Surgery in the period of 10±1.2 days.Conclusion. Off-pump MIDCAB demonstrated good results, low rate of cardiovascular complications and low volume of perioperative blood loss, lack of deep wound infection and shorter hospital length of stay.