In-line treatments and clinical initiatives to fight against COVID-19 outbreak

Agrawal, Mukta; Saraf, Shailendra; Saraf, Swarnlata; Murty, Upadhyayula Suryanarayana; Kurundkar, Sucheta Banerjee; Roy, Dilip; Joshi, Pankaj; Sable, D. M.; Choudhary, Yogendra Kumar; Kesharwani, Prashant; Alexander, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106192

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…The presentation of the symptoms of the disease is found to be more severe in pediatrics and geriatrics age groups as compared with the younger age group without any immunocompromised condition. [ 24 ] The latency period of the SARS-CoV-2 can also be extended up to 24 days based on recent large-scale epidemiological studies. Reported illnesses in patients have ranged from no symptoms to being severely ill and dying.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive study on clinical responses and socioeconomic characteristics of COVID-19 patients during outbreak

Singh

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and emerged as a new public health crisis. This RNA virus, which has an origin in bats, is phenotypically and genotypically diverse. The source of transmission is by direct inhalation or contact with infected droplets or indirect through fomites. The disease shows an average incubation period of 2 to 14 days. The general symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise, although in a few it is found to be asymptomatic. The immune response shows variation from individual to individual, which varies from pneumonia, chest pain, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure leading to death. The cytokine and chemokine responses play a major role in the severity of the infection. Laboratory diagnosis is done by molecular investigations. The socioeconomic conditions of individuals also play a role in disease manifestation. Treatment is supportive with symptomatic management. Preventive measures include social distancing, use of face masks, and contact tracing. This review will present a general overview of coronavirus and describe the clinical and socioeconomic features of the COVID-19 patients. It will also introduce comprehensive data of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients among different Asian and Western countries during the current pandemic. Furthermore, it also focuses on the most up-to-date information on effective management and prevention of COVID-19.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive study on clinical responses and socioeconomic characteristics of COVID-19 patients during outbreak

Singh

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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“…AZD1222 is made up of ChAdOx1-S is a non-replicating viral vector based vaccine candidate from the University of Oxford and AstraZeneca and it is presently continuing in Phase III clinical trial. It is a weakened version of a common cold adenovirus of chimpanzees and that has been genetically manipulated to attenuate replication property within the human body [ 269 ]. Another candidate from CanSino Biological Inc./Beijing Institute of Biotechnology is using Adenovirus Type 5, non-replicating viral vector in vaccine development.…”

Section: Cellular Pathways Triggered By Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Various theranostics and immunization strategies based on nanotechnology against Covid-19 pandemic: An interdisciplinary view

Chatterjee

Mishra

Chowdhury³

et al. 2021

Life Sciences

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COVID-19 pandemic is still a major risk to human civilization. Besides the global immunization policy, more than 5lac new cases are documented every day. Some countries newly implement partial/complete nationwide lockdown to mitigate recurrent community spreading. To avoid the new modified stain of SARS-CoV-2 spreading, some countries imposed any restriction on the movement of the citizens within or outside the country. Effective economical point of care diagnostic and therapeutic strategy is vigorously required to mitigate viral spread. Besides struggling with repurposed medicines, new engineered materials with multiple unique efficacies and specific antiviral potency against SARS-CoV-2 infection may be fruitful to save more lives. Nanotechnology-based engineering strategy sophisticated medicine with specific and effective, the nonhazardous delivery mechanism for available repurposed antivirals as well as remedial for associated diseases due to malfeasance in immuno-system e.g. hypercytokinaemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome. This review will talk about gloomy but critical areas for nanoscientists to intervene and will showcase about the different laboratory diagnostic, prognostic strategies and their mode of actions. In addition, we speak about SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology, pathogenicity and interaction with the host with special emphasis on altered immuno-system and also perceptualized, copious ways to design prophylactic nanomedicines and next-generation vaccines based on recent findings.

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“…Based on the aforementioned, teicoplanin has been used either as a potential antiviral agent or as treatment of possible Staphylococcus aureus superinfection in our critical patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, since the latter may represent a major complication of respiratory viral infections (Agrawal et al, 2020).…”

Section: Teicoplaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotrimoxazole and teicoplanin in the management of Covid-19: Pleiotropic effects, shadows and lights

Al-Kuraishy¹,

Al-Gareeb²,

Al-Buhadily³

2020

CMDR

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At present, coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has turned into a global pandemic. Comparable to the H7N9 virus, SARS-CoV-2 causes soaring mortality in elderly patients who have pre-existing chronic diseases. SARS-CoV-2 infects human epithelial cells by binding to human angiotensin-converting enzyme2 (ACE2). Multi-organ failure has been observed in some patients with severe COVID-19. TheACE2 expression profile suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection may initiate or even directly cause organ failure. In addition to direct infection, evidence shows that an elevated inflammatory immune response is also involved in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity of the cotrimoxazole (CTX) and teicoplanin are seen in several studies that show the lower concentrations of plasma pro-inflammatory markers like CRP, IL6 in continuous CTX prophylaxis, suggesting its role as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation. The present review concludes that both teicoplanin and CTX are effective in the management of Covid-19 through anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-inflammatory effects as well as controlling of secondary bacterial infections.

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In-line treatments and clinical initiatives to fight against COVID-19 outbreak

Cited by 22 publications

References 139 publications

Comprehensive study on clinical responses and socioeconomic characteristics of COVID-19 patients during outbreak

Comprehensive study on clinical responses and socioeconomic characteristics of COVID-19 patients during outbreak

Various theranostics and immunization strategies based on nanotechnology against Covid-19 pandemic: An interdisciplinary view

Cotrimoxazole and teicoplanin in the management of Covid-19: Pleiotropic effects, shadows and lights

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