In-orbit Demonstration of X-Ray Pulsar Navigation with the Insight-HXMT Satellite

Zheng, S.; Zhang, S. N.; Lu, Fangjun; Wang, W. B.; Gao, Yuping; Li, T. P.; Song, Liming; Ge, Ming-Yu; Han, Danxiang; Chen, Y.; Xu, Y. P.; Cao, X. L.; Liu, C. Z.; Qu, J. L.; Chang, Zhi; Chen, G.; Chen, L.; Chen, T. X.; Chen, Y. B.; Cui, Wei; Deng, J. K.; Dong, Yongwei; Du, Yongzhai; Fu, M. X.; Gao, G. H.; Gao, He; Gao, Min; Gu, Y. D.; Guan, J.; Güngör, Can; Guo, Chengcheng; Hu, W.; Huang, Y.; Jia, Haiqiang; Ji, Junhua; Jia, S.; Jiang, Luhua; Jiang, Weichun; Jin, J.; Jin, Yongjie; Li, B.; Li, C. K.; Li, G.; Li, M. S.; Li, Wen Feng; Li, X.; Li, Y. G.; Li, Zhangjian; Liang, X. H.; Liao, J. Y.; Liu, G. Q.; Liu, Han–Wen; Liu, S. Z.; Liu, X. J.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Y. N.; Lü, Bo; Lu, X. F.; Luo, T.; Ma, Xiang; Meng, Bin; Nang, Y.; Nie, J. Y.; Ou, G.; Sai, N.; Shang, R. C.; Sun, Liang; Tan, Ying; Tao, Lian; Tao, W. H.; Tuo, You-Li; Wang, G. F.; Wang, J.; Wang, Y. S.; Wen, Xiang-Yang; Wu, B. B.; Wu, Mei‐Hwan; Xiao, G. C.; Xiong, S. L.; Xu, He; Yan, Linyin; Yang, Jiawei; Yang, Shimo; Yang, Yanji; Zhang, A. M.; Zhang, C. L.; Zhang, Faming; Zhang, H. M.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, T.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, W. Z.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Zhaojian; Zhang, Z. L.; Zhao, H.; Zhao, Jianling; Zhao, Xiaofan; Zhu, Yuxuan; Zou, C. L.

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab3718

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The Insight-HXMT has launched in 2017 and LE works well since then. The on-orbit performance of LE meets the requirements of the design [2, 21,[23][24][25] and several science results [26][27][28][29] have already been obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Low Energy X-ray telescope (LE) onboard the Insight-HXMT astronomy satellite

Chen

Cui

et al. 2020

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

157

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The low energy (LE) X-ray telescope is one of the three main instruments of the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT). It is equipped with Swept Charge Device (SCD) sensor arrays with a total geometrical area of 384 cm 2 and an energy band from 0.7 keV to 13 keV. In order to evaluate the particle induced X-ray background and the cosmic X-ray background simultaneously, LE adopts collimators to define four types of Field Of Views (FOVs), i.e., 1.6° × 6°, 4° × 6°, 50~60 o × 2~6 o and the blocked ones which block the X-ray by an aluminum cover. LE is constituted of three detector boxes (LEDs) and an electric control box (LEB) and achieves a good energy resolution of 140 eV@5.9 keV, an excellent time resolution of 0.98 ms, as well as an extremely low pileup (<1%@18000 cts/s). Detailed performance tests and calibration on the ground have been performed, including energy-channel relation, energy response, detection efficiency and time response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Low Energy X-ray telescope (LE) onboard the Insight-HXMT astronomy satellite

Chen

Cui

et al. 2020

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

157

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“…The simulation data of PSR B1821-24 and Crab pulsar and real data from NICER are used to verify the performance of the proposed CE-Adam algorithm. The algorithm is utilized to estimate q (initial phase) and f (frequency) in Equation (5). For simulation data, we define the evaluation criterion of the estimation performance is the RMS (root mean square) error of q.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After being first introduced in 1981 [2], the past 40 years have witnessed a significant growth in XPNAV, including the pulse phase estimation as well as the navigation algorithm. Moreover, some flight experiments were performed such as SEXTANT (Station Explorer for X-ray Timing and Navigation Technology) [3] by the United States and the TG-2 (Tiangong-2) spacelab [4] and the Insight-HXMT (Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope) Satellite [5] of China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Orbit Pulse Phase Estimation Based on CE-Adam Algorithm

Wang

Zheng

2021

Aerospace

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Pulse phase is the basic measurements of X-ray pulsar-based navigation, and thus how to estimate a pulse phase for an orbiting spacecraft is important. The current methods for on-orbit pulse phase estimation could provide an accurate estimation performance enhancing with the photon amount, but its central processing unit (CPU) time cost also increases sharply with the increase of photon amount. In this paper, an on-orbit pulse phase estimation method based on the cross-entropy adaptive moment estimation (CE-Adam) algorithm is proposed to reduce the CPU time cost while retaining decent estimation accuracy. This method combines the CE and Adam algorithms, and is able to obtain a global optimum with low CPU time cost. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation data and real data from the Neutron Star Internal Composition Detector (NICER). The results show that the proposed algorithm could greatly reduce the CPU time cost, which is about 1.5% of the CE algorithm, and retain similar estimation accuracy of pulse phase with CE algorithm.

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“…In 2018, the United States announced their SEXTANT (Station Explorer for X-ray Timing and Navigation Technology) flight experiments with a position error less than 10 km [13]. In addition, China also verified the feasibility of XNAV, in principle, using real data from TG-2 (Tiangong-2) Spacelab and the Insight-HXMT (Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope) [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stellar Angle-Aided Pulse Phase Estimation and Its Navigation Application

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2021

Aerospace

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X-ray pulsar-based navigation (XNAV) is a promising autonomous navigation method, and the pulse phase is the basic measurement of XNAV. However, the current methods for estimating the pulse phase for orbiting spacecraft have a high computational cost. This paper proposes a stellar angle measurement-aided pulse phase estimation method for high Earth orbit (HEO) spacecraft, with the aim of reducing the computational cost of pulse phase estimation in XNAV. In this pulse phase estimation method, the effect caused by the orbital motion of the spacecraft is roughly removed by stellar angle measurement. Furthermore, a deeply integrated navigation method using the X-ray pulsar and the stellar angle is proposed. The performances of the stellar angle measurement-aided pulse phase estimation method and the integrated navigation method were verified by simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed pulse phase estimation method can handle the signals of millisecond pulsars and achieve pulse phase estimation with lower computational cost than the current methods. In addition, for HEO spacecraft, the position error of the proposed integrated navigation method is lower than that of the stellar angle navigation method.

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In-orbit Demonstration of X-Ray Pulsar Navigation with the Insight-HXMT Satellite

Cited by 38 publications

References 19 publications

The Low Energy X-ray telescope (LE) onboard the Insight-HXMT astronomy satellite

The Low Energy X-ray telescope (LE) onboard the Insight-HXMT astronomy satellite

On-Orbit Pulse Phase Estimation Based on CE-Adam Algorithm

Stellar Angle-Aided Pulse Phase Estimation and Its Navigation Application

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