“…Notable increases in brain-wide functional connectivity, including the salience, amygdalar, association, hippocampal, striato-motor, and default mode-like networks, suggest that LC activity can rapidly reconfigure brain state. Importantly, areas modulated by LC activation overlap with dysfunctional networks in rodent models of neurodegeneration ( Grandjean et al, 2014 ; Muñoz-Moreno et al, 2018 ; Anckaerts et al, 2019 ; Cai et al, 2019 ) and human patients ( Hacker et al, 2012 ; Luo et al, 2014 ; Balachandar et al, 2015 ; Badhwar et al, 2017 ). Chemogenetic Gq-DREADD stimulation appears to preferentially increase tonic LC firing rates ( Armbruster et al, 2007 ; Vazey and Aston-Jones, 2014 ), suggesting that elevated tonic LC activity is associated with non-specific increases in brain-wide connectivity.…”