In situ elastic constant determination of unidirectional CFRP composites via backwall reflected multi-mode ultrasonic bulk waves using a linear array probe

Cao, Hongtao; Guo, Shifeng; He, Zhiyong; Xie, Yinfei; Zhang, Ting; Feng, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109953

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…According to the BRM method, a single array transducer is directly contacted on a flat CFRP laminate in which the front and back walls are parallel for both transmission and reception. In the Christoffel equation, the quasi- P wave velocity of unidirectional layup is symmetric along the normal direction of the CFRP laminate surface [ 20 ]. Hence, assuming that the transmitting elements and receiving elements are located at

and

, respectively, the backwall reflection should occur at the position

, where h is the thickness of CFRP laminate.…”

Section: Theory and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cao et al [ 19 ] determined the ray path and travel time in the corner part of an L-shaped CFRP laminate by using the quadric polynomial function of wave propagation angle and Dijkstra’s algorithm and eventually optimized the image in terms of signal-to-noise ratio. Some studies found that the elastic constants of unidirectional CFRP determined by particle swarm optimization algorithm using group velocity profile measured through BRM exhibited little difference from the actual ones obtained from the tensile test [ 20 ]. In addition, a forward numerical method in which the calculations of the group velocity profile of CFRP laminate necessitates the measurement of multiple physical parameters including anisotropic stiffness matrix, density, and lay-up direction was proposed by using the commercially available module of COMSOL Multiphysics [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonic Phased Array Imaging Approach Using Omni-Directional Velocity Correction for Quantitative Evaluation of Delamination in Composite Structure

Fan

Chen

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The ultrasonic detectability of buried defects within composite materials is dependent on the anisotropy of the composite material by which the propagation property of acoustic wave in each direction is variably affected. In this study, the characteristics of acoustic waves propagating in different directions for composite materials are explored based on the full matrix capture (FMC) data using an ultrasonic phased array. The elastic constant of multidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate is first derived based on the genetic algorithm. The characteristics of transmitted and reflected waves in higher angles are predicted by implementing the Christoffel equation, and the focal law used in post-processing of FMC data can be optimized accordingly. The imaging results of the total focusing method (TFM) using the improved focal law are compared with the results of the conventional TFM. The results suggest that the optimized TFM can effectively characterize the defect by reducing the background noise. Furthermore, since it is impractical to theoretically correct angle-dependent velocity for in situ inspection, a linear extrapolation method based on the experimentally measurable velocity at low angles is proposed to estimate the velocity profile at higher angles. The imaging results using the fast extrapolated velocity profile is then compared with the theoretical, and it has been demonstrated that while the difference between the images using the theoretical focal law and the linearly extrapolated one is barely visible, the later one is overwhelmingly advantageous to be realiszd for engineering practices.

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and

, respectively, the backwall reflection should occur at the position

, where h is the thickness of CFRP laminate.…”

Section: Theory and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Phased Array Imaging Approach Using Omni-Directional Velocity Correction for Quantitative Evaluation of Delamination in Composite Structure

Fan

Chen

et al. 2023

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By establishing a mapping relationship between the elastic constants of composite materials and the propagation speeds of guided waves, various inversion procedures can be employed to calculate the dispersion curves within the composite structure. Cao et al [4] used an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to invert the elastic constants and thickness from the zero-order modal Lamb wave, and validated this approach in the isotropic aluminium plate. Wang et al [5] proposed a method for measuring the macroscopic elastic constants of orthogonally laminated composite plates based on Lamb wave measurements, establishing a mapping relationship between the S 0 group velocity and the tensile modulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lamb wave measurement method for in-plane elastic constants of balanced symmetric laminates based on machine learning

Xie,

Liu,

Fang

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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To achieve in-situ measurement of mechanical properties in large-scale composite structures, this paper introduces a Lamb wave measurement based on machine learning to predict the in-plane engineering elastic constants of balanced symmetric laminates. Firstly, we consider that balanced symmetric laminates are equivalent to orthotropic single-layer plates with nine engineering elastic constants. Secondly, by varying these elastic constants and comparing the dispersion curves at different propagation angles, we conclude that, under low frequency-thickness products, the phase velocity of S0-mode Lamb waves in orthotropic single-layer plates is dependent on four engineering elastic constants: tensile modulus, in-plane shear modulus, and in-plane Poisson’s ratio. Subsequently, leveraging this correlation in dispersion curves, a BP neural network model is established using machine learning techniques. Using the neural network model, the goal of predicting engineering elastic constants using phase velocities is achieved. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified through theoretical calculations and numerical simulations.

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“…Ultrasonic testing (UT) has been the most widespread NDT technique for composites due to its high sensitivity to various defects [4]. Essentially, UT relies on elastic-wave scattering at defect interfaces, such as cracks and delaminations [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic imaging of damage in plates in spectral ripple frequency domain

Yang

Kersemans

2023

Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing

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In situ elastic constant determination of unidirectional CFRP composites via backwall reflected multi-mode ultrasonic bulk waves using a linear array probe

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Ultrasonic Phased Array Imaging Approach Using Omni-Directional Velocity Correction for Quantitative Evaluation of Delamination in Composite Structure

Ultrasonic Phased Array Imaging Approach Using Omni-Directional Velocity Correction for Quantitative Evaluation of Delamination in Composite Structure

Lamb wave measurement method for in-plane elastic constants of balanced symmetric laminates based on machine learning

Ultrasonic imaging of damage in plates in spectral ripple frequency domain

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