In situ near-infrared spectroscopic studies of the structural changes in polyethylene during tensile deformation

Mizushima, Masami; Kawamura, Takanobu; Takahashi, Kenji; Nitta, K.

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2014.07.002

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The structure of semicrystalline polymers (combination of interconnected amorphous and crystalline segments) undergoes different changes during deformation . These are illustrated in Figure .…”

Section: Structure–property Relationships In Lldpementioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural foundations of the strength and resilience of LLDPE artificial turf yarn

Ragaert

Delva

Damme

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The production of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) yarns for artificial turf is an advanced extrusion process, which relies heavily on the polymer's semicrystalline structure and inherent strengthening mechanisms to obtain the tailored mechanical properties so typical for turf yarns: a combination of strength and resilience. This review aims to bring together all relevant aspects in the structure-materials-processing interaction triangle which is so strongly in evidence in this application, by first summarizing the specific structural origins of the properties of the semicrystalline LLDPE and then discussing how structure evolves during the different steps of the production process, to eventually come to the final product properties of the yarn. V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44080.

show abstract

Section: Structure–property Relationships In Lldpementioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural foundations of the strength and resilience of LLDPE artificial turf yarn

Ragaert

Delva

Damme

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various optical techniques have been used to investigate the microscopic structural changes of semicrystalline polymers under macroscopic deformation. − Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) techniques are suitable for investigating the microscopic structural changes in a crystalline structure, such as the crystallinity and orientation of the molecular chains in the crystalline layer. − Infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy has been commonly used to investigate microscopic deformation such as orientation and conformational changes. , Moreover, Raman spectroscopy has been applied to probe the deformation of the skeletal chains because the vibrational motions of the skeletal C–C bonds are strongly Raman active. − The second and force moments of the two orientation parameters ⟨ P 2 ⟩ and ⟨ P 4 ⟩ are obtained from the polarized Raman spectra, giving the distribution of the molecular orientation . The load applied on the crystalline chain is directly detected by the peak shifts of the C–C stretching Raman bands because the peak positions of these Raman bands are very sensitive to the applied load on the crystalline chains; however, structural interpretation of the peak shifts is not straightforward. , Recently, in situ Raman spectroscopy combined with tensile testing has been successfully applied for in situ monitoring of microscopic deformation under uniaxial stretching. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Interpretation of Influences of Molecular Weight on the Tensile Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Solids Using Rheo-Raman Spectroscopy

2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of the weight-average molecular weight (M w) on the structure–properties relationship was investigated by preparing high-density polyethylenes (HDPEs) of various M w but constant polydispersity index (M w/M n) values. The thickness of the lamellar crystalline layer increased with increasing M w, whereas the amorphous characteristics, such as the amorphous layer thickness and tie-molecule fraction, remained unchanged. The microscopic deformation of these HDPEs was investigated by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The orientation parameter ⟨P 2⟩ showed a power law to M w with an exponent of −3/4 in the strain-hardening region. The M w dependence of the molecular orientation was interpreted as the realignment of the lamellar cluster units, the size of which was determined by the end-to-end distance of the polymer chains in their melt state. It was found that higher stretching stress is applied to the crystalline chains for HDPEs of lower M w, implying that a larger amount of taut-tie chains is formed.

show abstract

“…Depending on the degree of microbial degradation, it can be arranged as follow: ester > etheric > amide > urethane [2]. The aging of the material should also be taken into account, which, although very slow, leads to significant structural changes in polymer [69]. Pająk et al [8] distinguished the following types and factors affecting the degradation of polymers:…”

Section: Types and Factors Affecting The Degradation Of Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Polyethylene and Biocomponent-Derived Polymer Materials: An Overview

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The progressing degradation of the natural environment taking place over the last few decades and resulting from the systematically growing production of synthetic polymer materials led to the search for technological innovations aimed at producing environmentally friendly materials. Moreover, the increasing importance of sustainability promotes the development of bio-based and biodegradable polymers, sometimes misleadingly referred to as "bioplastics". Inability to degrade synthetic polymer materials and the problem of their persistence in the environment even for hundreds of years have caused the production of polymer materials with the addition of components that may accelerate their degradation more and more important in recent years. Additionally, the growing interest in environmental issues makes the requirements for new materials that will not significantly burden the environment higher. In Poland 29.1% and 26.8% of post-consumer polymer materials, respectively, were recovered and recycled, which means that up to 44.1% of post-consumer polymer materials were sent to municipal landfills. In 2017, for the first time in Poland, more plastics were recovered (55.9%) than stored (44.1%). However, by 2020, the level of energy recovery and recycling of post-consumer polymer materials in Poland should cover a total of 84.5%. When looking at the average values for Europe (recycling 31.1%, recovery 41.6%, storage 27.3%), it should be noted that Poland has much to catch up in this area and decisive actions should be taken to actually solve this problem. For this reason, it is extremely important to know the mechanisms responsible for the degradation of polymer materials and understand the interaction between these materials and abiotic and biotic factors that cause structural changes in polymers. Recent studies show that knowledge of the conditions determining the decomposition of polyethylene polymer materials and their impact on the natural environment is still insufficient. The literature reports reveal many contradictory theories, especially those that relate to the degradation of polymer materials in the soil environment. This study constitutes a comprehensive review of researches on (bio)degradation of polymer materials over the last decades, various methods of polymer structure modification to increase the degree of their degradability, as well as methods of recycling post-consumer polymer materials. Because there is a need to assess the performance of polymer innovations in terms of their biodegradability, especially under realistic waste management and environmental conditions, to avoid the unwanted release of plastic degradation products to the environment.

show abstract

In situ near-infrared spectroscopic studies of the structural changes in polyethylene during tensile deformation

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Microstructural foundations of the strength and resilience of LLDPE artificial turf yarn

Microstructural foundations of the strength and resilience of LLDPE artificial turf yarn

Microstructural Interpretation of Influences of Molecular Weight on the Tensile Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Solids Using Rheo-Raman Spectroscopy

Degradation of Polyethylene and Biocomponent-Derived Polymer Materials: An Overview

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About