In-Situ NH3 Generation for SCR NOx Applications

Ogunwumi, Steven; Fox, Robert V.; Patil, M. D.; He, Long

doi:10.4271/2002-01-2872

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…22 Various sources of ammonia for this application have been proposed from on-board ammonia tanks, to decomposition of urea, to catalytic generation of ammonia in the exhaust stream. 23,24 The ammonia using airship could use the secondary lifting gas for SCR.…”

Section: Cuse Of Ammonia As a Means To Limit Nox Emissions Through Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia - A Solution for Airships Demanding Rapid Changes in Net Buoyancy

Horkheimer

Baem²

2005

AIAA 5th ATIO And16th Lighter-Than-Air Sys Tech. And Balloon Systems Conferences

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Nonequilibrium aerostatic flight conditions, caused by the delivery of a large payload, represent a significant engineering challenge to overcome in the design of large scale airships and impediments to their overall financial success. Gaseous ammonia, used as a portion of the airship's lifting gas, i.e. "negative ballast" and partly as a fuel or as a means to reduce NOx emissions of typical airship power plants is a relatively safe and practical way to meet the challenge of nonequilibrium aerostatic flight. Gaseous ammonia used as a secondary lifting gas can be vented quickly to restore the airship to aerostatic equilibrium. Thus the use of ammonia as a lifting gas is primarily used to provide aerostatic lift of the payload only. This concept is contrasted with conventional means of dealing with nonequilibrium aerostatic flight such as exhaust water recovery, vectored thrust, primary lifting gas venting and aerodynamic lift as well as less conventional means such as primary lifting gas compression or air liquefaction and hot-air or steam ballonets. In order to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of the use of ammonia as a secondary lifting gas, system-level measures of performance for the various concepts and generic to airship type, size, and configuration are developed for comparison purposes. An airship sizing MATLAB code based on historical design data is used to compare various concepts to determine which concept offers the best performing airship in order to accomplish a mission. The model mission is based on DARPA's WALRUS program requirements which are based on the capabilities of the C-130J-30 cargo airplane.

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Section: Cuse Of Ammonia As a Means To Limit Nox Emissions Through Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia - A Solution for Airships Demanding Rapid Changes in Net Buoyancy

Horkheimer

Baem²

2005

AIAA 5th ATIO And16th Lighter-Than-Air Sys Tech. And Balloon Systems Conferences

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“…Recent tests have shown the ability to control the ammonia slip problem and raised the possibility that the ammonia needed for the catalytic reduction reaction can actually be produced on board from the propulsion fuel, thus obviating the urea reservoir and taking the vehicle operator out of the emissionscontrol loop (25). Unfortunately, the fuel economy penalty with these prototype units generally exceeds 15% (26 ).…”

Section: Technologies Expected To Be Proven and Capable Of Commercialization By 2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Consumption of Heavy-Duty Trucks: Potential Effect of Future Technologies for Improving Energy Efficiency and Emissions

Saricks

Vyas

Stodolsky

et al. 2003

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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The results of an analysis of heavy-duty truck (Classes 2b through 8) technologies conducted to support the Energy Information Administration’s long-term projections for energy use are summarized. Several technology options that have the potential to improve the fuel economy and emissions characteristics of heavy-duty trucks are included in the analysis. The technologies are grouped as those that enhance fuel economy and those that improve emissions. Each technology’s potential impact on the fuel economy of heavy-duty trucks is estimated. A rough cost projection is also presented. The extent of technology penetration is estimated on the basis of truck data analyses and technical judgment.

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“…Recent tests have shown the ability to control this problem (Sluder and West 2002) and raised the possibility that the ammonia needed for the catalytic reduction reaction can actually be produced on-board from the propulsion fuel, thus obviating the urea reservoir and taking the vehicle operator "out of the loop" of emissions control. Unfortunately, the fuel economy penalty with these prototype units generally exceeds 15% (Ogunwumi et al 2002). Most NO x retrofit programs are not expected to survive after 15 ppm sulfur fuel becomes universally available and the requirements of the EPA consent decree on NO x emission compliance are met.…”

Section: Technologies Expected To Be Proven/capable Of Commercializatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential effect of future energy-efficiency and emissions-improving technologies on fuel consumption of heavy trucks.

Vyas¹,

Saricks²,

Stodolsky³

2003

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Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory analyzed heavy-duty truck technologies to support the Energy Information Administration's long-term energy use projections. Researchers conducted an analysis of several technology options that have potential to improve heavy truck fuel economy and emissions characteristics. The technologies are grouped as fuel-economy-enhancing and emissions-improving. Each technology's potential impact on heavy truck fuel economy has been estimated, as has the cost of implementation. The extent of technology penetration is estimated on the basis of truck data analyses and technical judgment. * Under high-technology case, this technology will penetrate sooner. ** Half of the fuel economy gains would be under the high-technology case. ***Contingent on development of practical on-board air separation system and significant lag in fuel sulfur phasedown. This option selected in preference to "lean-NOx" catalysts, the development of which is still plagued by high fuel penalties and low efficiency.

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In-Situ NH3 Generation for SCR NOx Applications

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Ammonia - A Solution for Airships Demanding Rapid Changes in Net Buoyancy

Ammonia - A Solution for Airships Demanding Rapid Changes in Net Buoyancy

Fuel Consumption of Heavy-Duty Trucks: Potential Effect of Future Technologies for Improving Energy Efficiency and Emissions

The potential effect of future energy-efficiency and emissions-improving technologies on fuel consumption of heavy trucks.

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