In situ synthesis of flexible elastic N-doped carbon foam as a carbon current collector and interlayer for high-performance lithium sulfur batteries

Cao, Zhaoxia; Zhang, Jun; Ding, Yanmin; Li, Yanlei; Shi, Mengjiao; Yue, Hongyun; Qiao, Yu; Yin, Yadong

doi:10.1039/c6ta01855f

Cited by 61 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…At the higher rate of 2 C (Figure d), only a capacity of 57% is retained after 300 cycles for the pristine cathode, but a capacity of 71% (relative to the highest capacity at the 13th cycle) is maintained for the SEI‐wrapped cathode, even after 600 cycles. The cycle performance of our SEI‐wrapped cathode is also impressive relative to the cycle performances recently reported for cathodes of sulfur embedded in a graphene/carbon composite, N‐doped carbon, and a metal oxide/carbon composite, as listed in Table S1 in the Supporting Information.…”

supporting

confidence: 51%

“…Many designs have been used to overcome such drawbacks. For instance, (1) the PS binding ability of carbon materials can be improved by nitrogen doping, hierarchical structures, graphene wrapping, etc., and (2) the conductivity of polar materials can be enhanced by hydrogen reduction (hydrogenated TiO 2 ) or by unique carbon/polar material hybrid structures (hollow carbon nanofibers filled with MnO 2 nanosheets, carbon spheres coated by TiO 2 ) . However, the complexities of these manufacturing processes reduce their feasibility .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile Formation of a Solid Electrolyte Interface as a Smart Blocking Layer for High‐Stability Sulfur Cathode

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2017

Advanced Materials

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The practical application of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) is hindered by their poor cycle life, which stems mainly from the "redox shuttle reactions" of dissolved polysulfides. To develop a high-performance cathode for LSBs, encapsulation of polysulfides with a blocking layer is potentially straightforward. Herein, a novel strategy is reported encapsulate sulfur and the electrolyte together in porous carbon spheres by using a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) that can selectively sieve Li ions while efficiently avoiding polysulfide accumulation and suppressing undesired polysulfide migration. This strategy is simple, straightforward, and effective. The carbon/sulfur cathode only needs to be cycled a few times within a voltage window of 0.3-1.0 V to form such a smart SEI, allowing the resulting cathode to exhibit superior stability extending 600 cycles. This strategy can be combined with other existing advanced sulfur cathode designs to improve the overall performance of LSBs.

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supporting

confidence: 51%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Formation of a Solid Electrolyte Interface as a Smart Blocking Layer for High‐Stability Sulfur Cathode

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2017

Advanced Materials

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“…Nevertheless, as the cycling continues, the solid‐state sulfur was persistently reduced to polysulfide, and the intermediates are redistributed among the CF framework continuously, which favors electrolyte wetting on the internal surface of the CF material and promotes the charge transfer process between the CF framework and the polysulfide . As for R 1 , the resistance of the surface film decreased after 30 cycles, and then increased gradually, which is similar to that reported previously . This is because polysulfide species are easier to capture or redistribute within the CF network during the charge–discharge process.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…[31] As for R 1 ,t he resistance of the surface film decreased after 30 cycles, and then increased gradually,w hich is similar to that reported previously. [32] This is because polysulfide species are easier to capture or redistribute within the CF network during the charge-discharge process.As imilar change was also presented for R s ,w hich implies the existence of as trong interaction between the CF and polysulfide,w hich is beneficial to prevent the dissolution of polysulfide during cycling. However, the polysulfides pecies can still diffuse into the electrolytei nthe later period, which leads to the increase of the R s value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Step Process to Remove Spent Sulfidic Caustics and Assemble Advanced Sulfur Cathodes Synchronously for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

et al. 2017

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Spent sulfidic caustics (SSC) from caustic desulfurization are toxic hazards to the environment and humans. A new one‐step process is proposed firstly to decrease the concentration of SSC and to assemble a high‐performance sulfur cathode synchronously by electrolyzing a simulating solution with flexible carbon felt (CF) at 15 mA cm−2. The CF that electrolyzed for 8 hours with a sulfur content of 36.6 wt % or 5.63 mgsulfur cm−2 stands out from three S/CF composites in terms of areal capacity and cycling stability. XRD, TEM, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman spectroscopy were then used to characterize the materials. Values of 4.03 mA h cm−2 over 150 cycles at 0.2 C and 2.34 mA h cm−2 after 90 cycles at 0.5 C can be attributed to an appropriate ratio of the external/inner sulfur content. The beneficial results prove the feasibility of an innovative mode of “pollutant disposal with synchronous application”, which integrates environmental management with the development of storage energy materials efficiently and eliminates the tedious individual disposal of pollutants and preparation of slurry‐derived sulfur cathodes.

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“…Thermal pyrolysis of commercially available polymer foam (melamine foam, melamine formaldehyde, and polyurethane foam) has been suggested to be a more convenient and cost‐effective method to obtain the covalently connected 3D carbon network than CVD since the metal template can be avoided in this method . The structure constituents of the pyrolytic carbon network are mostly amorphous carbon due to the low carbonization temperature of <900 °C.…”

Section: D Carbon Current Collectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced 3D Current Collectors for Lithium‐Based Batteries

et al. 2018

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Li-based batteries are a hot research topic because they are the most popular energy storage system for high energy-density devices. As an important component of the battery, the current collectors in both cathode and anode should be well designed. Herein, the design of 3D current collectors for Li-based batteries is considered, including 3D metal-based and carbon-based current collectors. The progress in nanotechnology provides appropriate 3D current collectors characterized by highly efficient morphologies and architectures. In particular, 3D current collectors with different morphology are classified. Critical factors of current collectors that affect the electrochemical performance of Li-based batteries are comprehensively debated. Finally, conclusion and perspectives of the future research in this field are discussed.

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In situ synthesis of flexible elastic N-doped carbon foam as a carbon current collector and interlayer for high-performance lithium sulfur batteries

Abstract: A flexible elastic N-doped carbon foam (NCF) has been successfully synthesized in situ via direct carbonization/pyrolysis of polyurethane foam, which is a facile, cost-effective and environmentally friendly method.

Cited by 61 publications

References 57 publications

Facile Formation of a Solid Electrolyte Interface as a Smart Blocking Layer for High‐Stability Sulfur Cathode

Facile Formation of a Solid Electrolyte Interface as a Smart Blocking Layer for High‐Stability Sulfur Cathode

One‐Step Process to Remove Spent Sulfidic Caustics and Assemble Advanced Sulfur Cathodes Synchronously for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Advanced 3D Current Collectors for Lithium‐Based Batteries

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