In situ transmission electron microscopy and ion irradiation of ferritic materials

Kirk, Marquis A.; Baldo, P. M.; Liu, Amelia C. Y.; Ryan, E. A.; Birtcher, R. C.; Yao, Zhongwen; Xu, Sen; Jenkins, M. L.; Hernández‐Mayoral, M.; Kaoumi, Djamel; Motta, Arthur T.

doi:10.1002/jemt.20670

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…[63][64][65][66][67][68][69] Such experiments allow irradiation concurrent with observation in a transmission electron microscope. A black dot damage microstructure is seen to dominate irradiated ferritic/martensitic alloys up to temperatures of at least 300°C.…”

Section: Mev Kr Irradiation Of Fe-cr Ferritic/ Martensitic Alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling defect cluster evolution in irradiated structural materials: Focus on comparing to high-resolution experimental characterization studies

Wirth

Kohnert

et al. 2015

J. Mater. Res.

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It is well established that exposure of metallic structural materials to irradiation environments results in significant microstructural evolution, property changes, and performance degradation, which limits the extended operation of current generation light water reactors and restricts the design of advanced fission and fusion reactors. Further, it is well recognized that these irradiation effects are a classic example of inherently multiscale phenomena and that the mix of radiation-induced features formed and the corresponding property degradation depend on a wide range of material and irradiation variables. This inherently multiscale evolution emphasizes the importance of closely integrating models with high-resolution experimental characterization of the evolving radiation-damaged microstructure. This article provides a review of recent models of the defect microstructure evolution in irradiated body-centered cubic materials, which provide good agreement with experimental measurements, and presents some outstanding challenges, which will require coordinated high-resolution characterization and modeling to resolve.

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Section: Mev Kr Irradiation Of Fe-cr Ferritic/ Martensitic Alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling defect cluster evolution in irradiated structural materials: Focus on comparing to high-resolution experimental characterization studies

Wirth

Kohnert

et al. 2015

J. Mater. Res.

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“…Ion irradiation is known to differ from neutron/reactor irradiation in multiple aspects, including dose rate and probabilistic and spatial distributions of primary defects (those generated directly during collision cascades, prior to long range diffusion and interactions). In the case of in-situ TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) ion irradiation, an advanced experimental technique that allows real-time observation of microstructural/defect evolution during simultaneous ion irradiation, [9][10] the small (tens to a few hundred nanometer) thickness of a TEM foil and the related surface sink effect on mobile defects represent another key aspect distinct from neutron irradiation. Given these major differences, a significant question arises: can the microstructural/defect evolution be matched across different irradiation conditions?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect microstructural equivalence in molybdenum under different irradiation conditions at low temperatures and low doses

VanCoevering

Wirth

2016

Computational Materials Science

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Owing to its advantages such as higher dose rates and shorter time required, ion irradiation, including in-situ ion irradiation of nano-foils on electron microscopes, is being proposed as a surrogate for neutron/reactor irradiation in materials testing for the research of irradiation induced/enhanced degradation of reactor structural materials. This raises a key question: can the microstructural evolution be matched across different irradiation conditions? Here we report our recent study using a rate-theory based cluster dynamics approach on the time dependent defect accumulation in elemental molybdenum under varying ion and neutron irradiation conditions, within a low temperature and low dose regime. The approach solves a large system of coupled differential equations each equation describing the rate of change in the concentration of a particular defect/cluster (defined by its nature and number of constituent point defects) caused by direct production (for primary defects), diffusion flux across spatial grids (for mobile defects, under ion irradiation), and capturing and/or emission interactions with other defects/clusters. Our results suggest that defect evolution under different dose rates can be very well matched in either thin foil ion irradiation or bulk neutron irradiation, by using different irradiation temperatures to counteract the effect of the dose rate variation. Across the two types of irradiation, less perfect matching is obtained mainly due to the strong surface sink effect in the thin foil, but the matching can be improved by combining the temperature shift strategy with selection of a single depth in the foil (as opposed to all depths averaged) for matching, or a greater foil thickness. collision cascades; 2. only point defects are mobile; 3. defect cluster concentrations are not evolving; 4. there are no free surfaces. Here, we are concerned with the temporal evolution of concentrations of all defects (point defects and their clusters) and corresponding size distribution, rather than the steady state rates of particular processes. As detailed below, we also remove the assumptions/simplifications needed in the analytical derivations by Mansur.

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“…In designing this study, we have had the opportunity to utilize a specialized transmission electron microscope (TEM) facility with in situ ion irradiation capabilities. This facility, the IVEM‐Tandem Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, was designed specifically to study ion‐induced amorphization and other structural changes in materials as observed using TEM techniques in real time and precisely correlated with ion dose (Kirk et al. 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space radiation processing of sulfides and silicates in primitive solar systems materials: Comparative insights from in situ TEM ion irradiation experiments

Christoffersen

Keller

2011

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Abstract-Mineral grains that comprise dust particles in circumstellar, interstellar, and protostellar environments can potentially undergo amorphization and other solid-state transformations from exposure to energetic ions from space plasmas. The Fe-sulfide minerals troilite (FeS) and pyrrhotite (Fe 1)x S) are important known dust components, but their potential to undergo structural changes, including amorphization, from space radiation processing in dusty space environments has not been experimentally evaluated relative to silicates. We used a transmission electron microscope (TEM) with capabilities for in situ ion irradiation to precisely follow structural changes in troilite and pyrrhotite exposed to 1.0 MeV Kr ++ ions selected to optimize the probability of inducing amorphization from nuclear elastic collisional processes. No indication of amorphization was found in either mineral up to an experimentally practical ion dose of 1 · 10 16 Kr ++ ions cm )2 , indicating that both structures can remain crystalline up to a modeled collisional damage level of at least 26 displacements-per-atom. This behavior matches that of some of the most radiationresistant nonmetallic phases known, and is two orders of magnitude higher than the levels at which Mg-rich olivine and enstatite become amorphous under the same irradiation conditions. Although pyrrhotite retained short-range crystalline order during irradiation, its longer range vacancy-ordered superstructure is removed at modeled damage levels equivalent to those at which olivine and enstatite become amorphous. This suggests that space radiation conditions sufficient to amorphize olivine and enstatite in circumstellar and interstellar environments would convert coexisting pyrrhotite to its disordered structural form, thereby changing magnetic and possibly other properties that determine how pyrrhotite will behave in these environments.

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In situ transmission electron microscopy and ion irradiation of ferritic materials

Cited by 53 publications

References 8 publications

Modeling defect cluster evolution in irradiated structural materials: Focus on comparing to high-resolution experimental characterization studies

Modeling defect cluster evolution in irradiated structural materials: Focus on comparing to high-resolution experimental characterization studies

Defect microstructural equivalence in molybdenum under different irradiation conditions at low temperatures and low doses

Space radiation processing of sulfides and silicates in primitive solar systems materials: Comparative insights from in situ TEM ion irradiation experiments

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