In the beginning: phenotypic change in three invasive species through their first two centuries since introduction

Flores‐Moreno, Habacuc; Garcia-Trevino, E.S.; Letten, Andrew D.; Moles, Angela T.

doi:10.1007/s10530-014-0789-8

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, the prevalence of niche conservatism has been strongly debated, with some studies finding evidence for niche similarity among closely related species (Ricklefs & Latham, ; Peterson et al ., ; Prinzing et al ., ), whereas others have documented niche lability (Bohning‐Gaese et al ., ; Losos et al ., ; Graham et al ., ). Evolutionary adaptation to the abiotic environment has been identified as an important contributor to the establishment of species in novel ranges (Hendry et al ., ; Huey et al ., ; Sakai et al ., ; Lee, ; Storz et al ., ; Eales et al ., ; Hohenlohe et al ., ; Sultan et al ., ; Flores‐Moreno et al ., ). Adaptation to different environments can result in phenotypic and genetic divergence between populations and ultimately result in ecological speciation (Nosil, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Climate‐mediated adaptation after mainland colonization of an ancestrally subtropical island lizard, Anolis carolinensis

Campbell‐Staton

Edwards

Losos

2016

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Climate-mediated evolution plays an integral role in species migration and range expansion. Gaining a clearer understanding of how climate affects demographic history and adaptation provides fundamental insight into the generation of intra- and interspecific diversity. In this study, we used the natural colonization of the green anole (Anolis carolinensis) from the island of Cuba to mainland North America to investigate the role of evolution at the niche, phenotypic and genetic levels after long-term establishment in a novel environment. The North American green anole occupies a broader range of thermal habitats than its Cuban sister species. We documented niche expansion in the mainland green anole, mediated primarily through adaptation to winter temperatures. Common garden experiments strongly suggest a genetic component to differences in thermal performance found between populations in different temperature regimes. Analysis of geographic variation in population structure based on 53 486 single nucleotide variants from RAD loci revealed increased genetic isolation between populations in different vs. similar thermal environments. Selection scans for environment-allele correlations reveal 19 genomic loci of known function that may have played a role in the physiological adaptation of A. carolinensis to temperate environments on the mainland.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Climate‐mediated adaptation after mainland colonization of an ancestrally subtropical island lizard, Anolis carolinensis

Campbell‐Staton

Edwards

Losos

2016

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…, Flores‐Moreno et al. ). In contrast, examples of invasive animal populations erupting in response to directional environmental change are relatively rare (Aagaard and Lockwood ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Such events are often described as a change in equilibrium, whereby the environment becomes more favorable or an organism adapts to its new environment (i.e., prolonged lag sensu Crooks 2005). There are numerous examples for plants where a gradual or step-change in an external driver or adaptation to that driver allows a low-density invasive species population to erupt (e.g., Geerts et al 2013, Donaldson et al 2014, Flores-Moreno et al 2015. In contrast, examples of invasive animal populations erupting in response to directional environmental change are relatively rare (Aagaard and Lockwood 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of an undetected invasive species triggered by a climate anomaly

2016

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Abstract. When an invasive species appears at a new location, we typically have no knowledge of the population dynamics leading up to that moment. Is the establishment of invasive propagules closely followed by the appearance of the population? Or alternatively, was there an established low-density population that was released from a constraint and crossed the detection threshold? The early stages of the invasion process are a critical gap in our knowledge, yet vitally important for the detection and management of invasions. Here, we present multiple lines of evidence supporting the lag scenario for an invasive species outbreak. The invasive predatory zooplankton, spiny water flea (Bythotrephes longimanus), was detected in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin (USA), in summer of 2009 and rapidly reached and sustained exceptionally high densities. To evaluate whether Bythotrephes' outbreak immediately followed introduction or erupted from an established low-density population, we constructed a population model of Bythotrephes in Lake Mendota. In the model, Bythotrephes persisted indefinitely at low levels until favorable thermal conditions in 2009, the coolest July since at least 1895, allowed it to erupt to high densities and establish a large egg bank in the lake sediments. The egg bank stabilized the population in the high-density state despite a return to nonfavorable thermal conditions, which is further supported by demographic data suggesting a constant contribution from the egg bank during the year. The prolonged lag scenario is corroborated by the detection of two individual Bythotrephes in pre-2009 archived samples, and the detection of Bythotrephes spines in lake sediment core layers dating back to 1994 (AE5 yr). Together, our results suggest that Bythotrephes persisted for at least a decade below the detection limit, until optimal thermal conditions triggered a population outbreak. This work highlights the potential for environmental conditions to trigger invasive species outbreaks from low-density populations.

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“…However, invasive species have been found to possess the potential to phenotypically change after the lag period of invasion. A recent study of three plant species invasive to the United Kingdom found that all three species were changing in at least one trait more than a century after their introduction (Flores‐Moreno et al ., ). It is possible that, because invasive B. sylvaticum populations are the product of hybridization of populations from throughout the native range, portions of parental prehybridization genomes have been retained, allowing invasive populations to possess a wide ecological breadth (Rieseberg et al ., ; Rosenthal et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Selective differentiation during the colonization and establishment of a newly invasive species

Marchini

Arredondo

Cruzan

2018

J of Evolutionary Biology

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The potential for rapid evolution in invasive species makes them useful for studying adaptive responses of populations to novel environments. However, phenotypic divergence during invasion is not necessarily due to selection, but may be a product of neutral processes resulting from population bottlenecks during colonization and range expansion. We investigated phenotypic adaptation during the establishment and range expansion of the invasive bunchgrass, slender false brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum; Poaceae). Utilizing a novel approach, we made robust comparisons of functional traits using genetic similarity based on unique alleles to determine the genetic probability of contribution from native source regions and integrated these probabilities into our Q -F comparisons for 12 physiological and anatomical traits associated with drought stress in the introduced range. Our results indicate phenotypic divergence greater than neutral expectations in five traits between native and invasive populations, indicating selective divergence occurred during invasive species establishment. The results indicate that the majority of divergence in B. sylvaticum occurred after introduction to the novel environment, but prior to invasive range expansion. This study provides evidence for adaptive genetic differentiation during the establishment of an invasive species, while also describing a robust method for the detection of selective processes after species introduction to a novel environment.

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In the beginning: phenotypic change in three invasive species through their first two centuries since introduction

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Climate‐mediated adaptation after mainland colonization of an ancestrally subtropical island lizard, Anolis carolinensis

Climate‐mediated adaptation after mainland colonization of an ancestrally subtropical island lizard, Anolis carolinensis

Outbreak of an undetected invasive species triggered by a climate anomaly

Selective differentiation during the colonization and establishment of a newly invasive species

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