In the pubertal rat, the regulation of ovarian function involves the synergic participation of the sensory and sympathetic innervations that arrive at the gonad

Morales‐Ledesma, Leticia; Hernández, Adán; Apolonio, Javier

doi:10.1186/s12958-015-0062-8

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…On the other hand, according to the inflammation hypothesis, the ovulation-related events have been reported to resemble an inflammatory reaction that accompany with leukocytes infiltration and production of inflammatory mediators like cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VEGF), prostaglandins, and intracellular signaling pathways closely associated with inflammatory reaction [ 75 ]. Regarding the results shown in Table 1 , the laying hens, supplemented by BAA Salmeterol and BB Propranolol, significantly indicated more ovulation rate and the similar follicle size F1 to F5 as compared to control that was in agreement with the studies which showed catecholamines and Propranolol improve the ovulation rate and follicular development [ 76 , 77 ]. Besides, Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The stimulation and inhibition of beta-2 adrenergic receptor on the inflammatory responses of ovary and immune system in the aged laying hens

et al. 2021

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Background Ovarian chronic inflammation has been known to incidence in the laying hen mainly via increasing laying frequency and microbial infection, especially during late stage of production period. This study was aimed to evaluate beta-2 adrenergic agonist (Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist, BAA) Salmeterol and beta blocker (Beta Blocker, BB) Propranolol on the gene expression of the ovarian pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory responses of immune system, ovarian functions and, hormones in the laying hens on the late stage of production period. Forty-eight White Leghorn hens aged 92 weeks were used for 4 weeks to be supplemented by Salmeterol and Propranolol. Ovulation rate and follicular growth were determined based on laying frequency and ovarian visual evaluation, respectively; the mRNA expressions of follicular beta-2 adrenergic receptor (Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor, β2ADR), cyclooxygenases (Cyclooxygenases, COX) 1 and 2, and cytokines were measured by real-time PCR. The plasma concentration of ovarian hormones, cellular, and humoral immune responses were measured via ELISA, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (Heterophil to Lymphocyte ratio, H:L), and sheep red blood cell (Sheep Red Blood Cell, SRBC) test, respectively. Results As compared to control, both of BAA Salmeterol and BB Propranolol resulted in a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of β2ADR, cyclooxygenases, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.01). A significant elevation was observed in the ovulation rate (P < 0.05), plasma estradiol content on both treated groups (P < 0.05), and the content of progesterone and was just significantly (P < 0.05) increased in Salmeterol group. H:L was reduced in BAA group (P < 0.05), and immunoglobulin (Ig) M was elevated in both treated hens, when compared to control. The results indicated that Salmeterol significantly increases body weight (P < 0.05). Conclusion The stimulation and inhibition of beta-2 adrenergic signaling could reduce ovarian inflammatory condition in addition to enhancing laying efficiency in the aged laying hens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The stimulation and inhibition of beta-2 adrenergic receptor on the inflammatory responses of ovary and immune system in the aged laying hens

et al. 2021

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“…Future studies should address whether migrating theca cells express known neural guidance cues and whether these two migratory populations interact and/or rely on each other during ovary development. Although there is evidence that lack of proper innervation in the ovary leads to disruptions of ovarian physiology (30,31), we are still far from understanding how functional interactions are established between ovarian and neuronal cells and how they may be important for regulating ovarian function. While it had been shown previously that neurons are present in the developing and adult ovary, limitations in lineage tracing and imaging technologies had made it impossible to resolve the ovarian neural network in the context of the whole ovary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural crest-derived neurons invade the ovary but not the testis during mouse gonad development

McKey

Bunce

Batchvarov

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Testes and ovaries undergo sex-specific morphogenetic changes and adopt strikingly different morphologies, despite the fact that both arise from a common precursor, the bipotential gonad. Previous studies showed that recruitment of vasculature is critical for testis patterning. However, vasculature is not recruited into the early ovary. Peripheral innervation is involved in patterning development of many organs but has been given little attention in gonad development. In this study, we show that while innervation in the male reproductive complex is restricted to the epididymis and vas deferens and never invades the interior of the testis, neural crestderived innervation invades the interior of the ovary around E16.5. Individual neural crest cells colonize the ovary, differentiate into neurons and glia, and form a dense neural network within the ovarian medulla. Using a sex-reversing mutant mouse line, we show that innervation is specific to ovary development, is not dependent on the genetic sex of gonadal or neural crest cells, and may be blocked by repressive guidance signals elevated in the male pathway. This study reveals another aspect of sexually dimorphic gonad development, establishes a precise timeline and structure of ovarian innervation, and raises many questions for future research. organogenesis | testis | ovary | neural crest | innervation T he development of the testis and ovary is a unique model of organogenesis in which two distinct organs arise from the same gonadal precursor tissue, the bipotential gonad. At the stage of sex determination, mouse embryonic day 11.5 (E11.5), bipotential gonads commit to a sex-specific fate and develop into testes in XY embryos and ovaries in XX embryos. The striking morphological dimorphism evident between testes and ovaries is initiated by intrinsic pathways controlled by the sex determination cascade and, at least in the case of the testis, propagated by differential recruitment of extrinsic components involved in patterning the organ.An interaction between the male pathway and the vasculature instructs testis patterning. Vasculature migrates from the mesonephros into the testis based on signals initiated by the male pathway (1). Live imaging showed that endothelial cells first migrate to form the coelomic artery at the surface of the testis, then branch and induce proliferation of the surrounding mesenchyme, which separates Sertoli cells into clearly defined testis cords (2, 3). Disruption of endothelial migration led to severe defects in testis morphogenesis and cord formation (2, 4). These results demonstrated the essential role of endothelial cell migration in patterning the testis. However, recruitment of external vasculature did not occur into the ovary during the stages investigated in these studies (1, 3), thus seemed unlikely to be involved in early patterning events of the ovary, such as germ cell cyst formation and breakdown to form primordial follicles (5, 6). The factors regulating ovary patterning remain largely unknown.Peripheral innervation is an...

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“…Additionally, involvement of the sympathetic nervous system that innervates the ovaries during the development of the syndrome is suggested by studies in women with PCOS, where a high density of catecholaminergic nerve fibers has been shown [6]; further, in rats, the participation of sympathetic nerve fibers in the modulation of androgen secretion in the ovaries has been revealed [7], which may contribute to the etiology of PCOS [8]. In rats, the main catecholamine present in the ovaries is norepinephrine (NE), which stimulates steroidogenesis [9–11], follicular development [12–15] and ovulation [16–18] by regulating α- and β-adrenoreceptors (ADR) [19–21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In rats with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary syndrome, the acute blockade of ovarian β-adrenoreceptors improve ovulation

Venegas

Gordillo²,

Rosas³

et al. 2019

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by hyperactivity of the ovarian sympathetic nervous system, increases in the content and release of norepinephrine, as well as decreases in the number of β-adrenoreceptors. In the present study, β-adrenoreceptors in the ovaries of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome were blocked and analyzed the resultant effects on ovulation, hormone secretion and the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of catecholamines.MethodsAt 60 days of age, vehicle or estradiol valerate-treated rats were injected with propranolol [10− 4 M] into the ovarian bursas on oestrus day. The animals were sacrificed on the next day of oestrus, and the ovulation response, the steroid hormone levels in the serum and the immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase in the ovaries were measured.ResultsIn animals with the induction of polycystic ovary syndrome and β-adrenoreceptor blocking, ovulation was restored in more than half of the animals and resulted in decreased hyperandrogenism with respect to the levels observed in the estradiol valerate-treated group. Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase were present in the theca cells of the growing follicles and the interstitial gland. Injection of propranolol restored the tyrosine hydroxylase and ovarian dopamine β-hydroxylase levels in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome induction.ConclusionsThe results suggest that a single injection into the ovarian bursas of propranolol, a nonselective antagonist of β-adrenoreceptor receptors, decreases the serum testosterone concentration and the formation of ovarian cysts, improving the ovulation rate that accompanies lower levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase in the ovary.

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In the pubertal rat, the regulation of ovarian function involves the synergic participation of the sensory and sympathetic innervations that arrive at the gonad

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

The stimulation and inhibition of beta-2 adrenergic receptor on the inflammatory responses of ovary and immune system in the aged laying hens

The stimulation and inhibition of beta-2 adrenergic receptor on the inflammatory responses of ovary and immune system in the aged laying hens

Neural crest-derived neurons invade the ovary but not the testis during mouse gonad development

In rats with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary syndrome, the acute blockade of ovarian β-adrenoreceptors improve ovulation

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