In-Tube Extraction-GC-MS as a High-Capacity Enrichment Technique for the Analysis of Alcoholic Beverages

Abstract

An in-tube extraction (ITEX) method for the GC-MS analysis of volatile constituents of alcoholic beverages was developed and applied in the analysis of 46 beers from six varieties, Alt, Helles, Kölsch, Pilsener beer, Schwarzbier, and wheat beer, which are popular in Germany. The extraction performance of nine different sorbent materials was evaluated. The best overall sensitivity was achieved using Tenax TA, with method detection limits down to 0.01 μg L, whereas the widest linear range was possible with PDMS, covering almost 5 orders of magnitude. This is the first application of PDMS in ITEX as a high-capacity extraction device and highlights the importance of choosing the appropriate sorbent material for the analytical task at hand. A satisfying chemometric discrimination of all analyzed beer varieties was possible, and alcohol-free beers could clearly be separated from regular beers, also.

Minor Volatile Compounds in Traditional Homemade Fruit Brandies from Transylvania-Romania, as Determined by GC-MS Analysis

“…The qualities of raw materials, but also fermentation and distillation technology as well and brandy maturation are main factors responsible for the specific flavour of fruit brandies. The volatile compounds of alcoholic beverages were analyzed using different extraction methods such as distillation techniques, liquid-liquid extraction (Caldeira et al, 2004;Christopoulou-Gerogiannaki et al, 2007;Lukić et al, 2011;Tešević et al, 2005;Tešević et al, 2009), solid phase extraction (SPE) (Sohrabvandi et al, 2011), solid phase microextraction (SPME) (Plutowska et al, 2010), in-tube extraction (Laaks et al, 2014), headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) (Butkhup et al, 2011;De León-Rodríguez et al, 2008;Rodrigues et al, 2008), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (Gracia et al, 2009) and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) (Delgado et al, 2010).…”

Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) combined with chemometrics for real-time beer analysis

“…51 GC-MS analysis of eight types of beer resulted in 89% accuracy. 52 To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous studies focused on discriminating beer brands with such a high number of classes using a single predictive model. Such multiclass models are challenging as the likelihood of misclassification increases due to the numerous classes available for prediction.…”

Investigation of carbon-based nanomaterials as sorbents for headspace in-tube extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

“…The linear range determination consisted of a 16-point calibration, with each point measured in triplicate. The precision was calculated as the average of the RSD within the calibration range [47]. The MDL was obtained according to Eq.…”