In recent years, several approaches
have been applied to modify
metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) owing to their excellent structural
tunability such as higher extraction efficiency than that of primitive
crystals. Herein, Zr-based MOFs (UiO-66-NH2) with a suitable
size modulated by acetic acid were successfully synthesized for effective
DNA extraction. The bonding conformations and adsorption mechanism
indicated a high affinity between UiO-66-NH2 and the DNA
molecules. Furthermore, Fe3O4 nanoparticles
were immobilized on the UiO-66-NH2 surface to allow MOFs
with magnetism. The magnetic zirconium–organic framework (MZMOF)
retained the intact structure of MOFs and simplified subsequent extraction
operations. In the DNA recovery investigation, MZMOF showed high recovery
efficiency for both short-stranded DNA (90.4%) and pseudovirus DNA
(95.1%). In addition, it showed superior DNA extraction efficiency
from plasma (57.6%) and swab preservation solution (86.5%). The prepared
MZMOF was employed for highly specific extraction of viral DNA and
cfDNA from samples. To further simplify the extraction process, MZMOF
was applied to immiscible phase filtration assisted by a surface tension
(IFAST) chip for facilitating rapid DNA extraction with sensitive
point-of-care testing. The developed MZMOF-based extraction method
has significant potential for increasing the demand for rapid and
efficient nucleic acid extraction.