In vitro Activity of Cefdinir (FK 482, PD 134393, CI-983): A New Orally Active Cephalosporin

Abstract

Cefdinir is a new orally active cephalosporin which is undergoing in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Using the standard agar dilution method we compared the in vitro activity of this drug with other (3-lactam antibiotics against clinical isolates or Ente-robacteriaceae (625 strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (68 strains), Xanthomonas maltophilia (36 strains), Acinetobacter (52 strains), Aeromonas hydrophilia (47 strains), staphylococci (364 strains) and enterococci (50 strains). Against most members of Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter and A. hydrophilia, cefdinir showed excellent activity, inhibiting 94% of these isolates at ≤ 32 ug/ml. Like other oral drugs of its class, it had little activity against P. aeruginosa andX. maltophilia. All the 120 isolates of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited by < 1.0 ug/ml of cefdinir whereas 80% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus had a minimum inhibitory concentration of > 32 ug/ml. Of the 50 isolates of enterococci tested, 94% were inhibited by ≤16.0 ug/ml of cefdinir. Against Enterobacteriaceae, its activity was superior to any oral drug tested. With the exception of vancomycin, the in vitro activity of cefdinir was superior or comparable to other antibiotics tested against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterococci.

Current perspectives on glycopeptide resistance

“…In addition, treatment of experimental endocarditis with imipenem has not given satisfactory results (22,340). No cephalosporin has reliable activity alone, although some newer introductions, such as cefpirome (344), cefdinir (305), and RU 29246 (306), are more active than the earlier generations of cephalosporins.…”

Morphological Alterations of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Exposed to Cefdinir, a New Oral Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporin

“…Cefdinir has a wide-spcctrum antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-nega tive bacteria [1][2][3]. These potent antibacterial activities of cefdinir can be characterized by a I50 indicates the concentrations (pg/ml) of cefdinir required to reduce 50%.…”

“…Cefdinir showed a broad spectrum of anti bacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and was espe cially very active against methicillin-sensitivc Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and strains of the streptococcus group [1][2][3]. However, no one has studied the morphological changes induced by cefdinir against S. aureus and S. pyogenes.…”

Cefdinir: An Expanded-Spectrum Oral Cephalosporin

“…and Clostridium spp. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) are usually less than four times the MICs, although some exceptions to this generalization exist. 10, 13 Human serum and urine do not affect cefdinir MIC or MBC values.…”