In Vitro Activity of Lactobacillus fermentum LF5 Against Different Candida Species and Gardnerella vaginalis

Deidda, Francesca; Amoruso, Angela; Allesina, Serena; Pane, Marco; Graziano, Teresa; Piano, M. Del; Mogna, Luca

doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000692

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Additionally, L. acidophilus is a well-known gut probiotic and has been proposed and even commercialized as a vaginal probiotic [29,30]. Finally, L. fermentum was used as an outgroup --as a food isolate which can Mutation rate for fixed mutations at generation 1000 also be found in the human gastrointestinal tract [GIT] --though this species is also a candidate for women's health applications [31,32]. Care was taken to ensure that the strains selected were isolated from the above environments, were available through strain collections, had reference genomes readily available, and had been documented in the literature, including some model strains widely used to represent the species of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive response to iterative passages of five Lactobacillus species in simulated vaginal fluid

Brandt

Barrangou

2020

BMC Microbiol

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Background Microbiome and metagenomic studies have given rise to a new understanding of microbial colonization of various human tissues and their ability to impact our health. One human microbiome growing in notoriety, the vaginal microbiome, stands out given its importance for women’s health, and is peculiar in terms of its relative bacterial composition, including its simplicity and typical domination by a small number of Lactobacillus species. The loss of Lactobacillus dominance is associated with disorders such as bacterial vaginosis, and efforts are now underway to understand the ability of Lactobacillus species to colonize the vaginal tract and adapt to this dynamic and acidic environment. Here, we investigate how various Lactobacillus species often isolated from the vaginal and intestinal cavities genomically and transcriptionally respond to iterative growth in simulated vaginal fluid. Results We determined the genomes and transcriptomes of L. acidophilus, L. crispatus, L. fermentum, L. gasseri, and L. jensenii and compared profiles after 50, 100, 500, and 1000 generations of iterative passages in synthetic vaginal fluid. In general, we identified relatively few genetic changes consisting of single nucleotide polymorphisms, with higher counts occurring more frequently in non-vaginal isolated species. Transcriptional profiles were more impacted over time and tended to be more extensive for species that typically do not dominate the vaginal tract, reflecting a more extensive need to adapt to a less familiar environment. Conclusions This study provides insights into how vaginal and non-vaginal Lactobacillus species respond and adapt to a simulated vaginal environment. Overall, trends indicate high genomic stability for all species involved, with more variability in the transcriptome especially for non-dominant species of the vaginal tract.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive response to iterative passages of five Lactobacillus species in simulated vaginal fluid

Brandt

Barrangou

2020

BMC Microbiol

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“…Besides, hormone change in pregnancy may also contribute to vaginitis and its recurring. Furthermore, it has drawn serious attention in recent years that certain types of mixed vaginal infection causing vaginal dysbiosis [15] cannot be diagnosed with culture approach so that the infection cannot be treated timely and effectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Vaginal Metabolite Changes in Premature Rupture of Membrane Patients in Third Trimester Pregnancy: a Prospective Cohort Study

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Reprod. Sci.

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Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is usually associated with pregnant and neonatal complications. Most of the PROM cases are caused by ascending asymptomatic genital infection. In China, PROM (15.3%) is more common than spontaneous preterm labor (7.3%) and leads to more adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, we designed a prospective cohort study to measure the metabolomics changes in vaginal swab samples and explored their potential contribution to PROM. A total of 260 differentially expressed metabolites were identified and further analyzed. In the PROM group, N-acetyl-d-galactosamine and sucrose were downregulated (P = 0.0025, P = 0.0195, respectively), both of which are the upstream metabolites of the glycolysis pathway. Furthermore, estriol 3-sulfate 16-glucuronide (P = 0.0154) and 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol 3-glucosiduronic acid (P = 0.004), two final metabolites in steroid hormone biosynthesis, were both downregulated in the PROM group. Finally, we found two catechin metabolites (epigallocatechin-7-glucuronide, P = 0.0009; 4′-methyl-epigallocatechin-7-glucuronide, P = 0.01) as well as DL-citrulline (P = 0.0393) were also significantly downregulated in the PROM group compared with the healthy control (HC) group, which are related to important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the human body. Altogether, metabolite changes in glycolysis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory pathways may contribute to (or be a consequence of) vaginal dysbiosis and PROM. Metabolite pathway analysis is a new and promising approach to further investigate the mechanism of PROM and help prevent its unfavorable pregnant outcomes at a functional level. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000034721

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“…Samples are intermittently collected, and viability (cfu/ml) of indicator pathogen is established. It is used to determine if the probiotic effect is static or cidal [13,24]. It may also be used to reveal the mechanism by which the probiotic bacteria exert their antimicrobial activity [35].…”

Section: Liquid Coculture Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The probiotics have myriad of mechanisms in which it protects against infection. These include; (1) they lower pH, (2) pathogen antagonism by producing antimicrobial compounds for example, bacteriocins and or other metabolic products, (3) competitive exclusion with the pathogen for binding sites and receptors sites, (4) competition for substrates that is, nutrients and growth factors, therefore, limiting resources, (5) stimulate immunomodulatory cells, (6) production of enzymes example, enzymes that neutralize toxins produced by pathogens (7) improve the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, (8) modulate inflammatory responses, (9) aggregate with pathogens, (10) produce hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) a strong oxidizing agent that damage nucleic acids and proteins, (11) produce organic acids like lactic acid, acetic acid among others (12) produce CO 2 thus creating anaerobic microenvironment (Figure 1) [3,4,[13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few clinical trials on confirmation of the antimicrobial effect of probiotics have been reported so far, yet they have been considered the final confirmative experiment. Probiotics are regarded as safe [13,17]; thus, many researchers skip this critical step. This is the case in which many commercially marketed probiotics have pending clinical studies [92].…”

Section: Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics and Postbiotics from Food to Health: Antimicrobial Experimental Confirmation

Kosgey¹,

Mwaniki²,

Zhang³

2022

Prebiotics and Probiotics - From Food to Health

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The field of probiotics is up-and-coming, especially in management of microbial pathogens. Probiotics confer nutritional benefits, reduce inflammation and infection. Probiotics have also shown to be helpful in the management of microbial pathogens, which include bacteria, fungi, and viruses. To ernes this potential maximumly, there is a need for an elaborate screening system for new isolates. This entails; rigorous screening methods and thorough confirmatory systems. There is need also to come up with standard methods used to evaluate the probiotics mechanism of action both in vivo and in vitro. In summary, there is a need for a standard screening process for probiotic microorganisms that is reproducible. The aim is to ensure that, the candidate microbial cultures are not written off without proper investigations. This will also fasten the screening process and save time and resources wasted in pre-screening experiments.

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In Vitro Activity of Lactobacillus fermentum LF5 Against Different Candida Species and Gardnerella vaginalis

Abstract: The biotherapeutic LF5 could be the only documented strain effective in mixed forms. For this purpose, a human clinical trial is in progress.

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Adaptive response to iterative passages of five Lactobacillus species in simulated vaginal fluid

Adaptive response to iterative passages of five Lactobacillus species in simulated vaginal fluid

Detection of Vaginal Metabolite Changes in Premature Rupture of Membrane Patients in Third Trimester Pregnancy: a Prospective Cohort Study

Probiotics and Postbiotics from Food to Health: Antimicrobial Experimental Confirmation

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