In vitro and in vivo efficacy of naturally derived scaffolds for cartilage repair and regeneration

A Short Review on Chondroitin Sulphate and Its Based Nanomaterials for Bone Repair and Bone Remodelling Applications

“…Although it is possible to bioprint and implant simple connective tissue in animal models, more research and optimisation are needed before complex tissues like cartilage can be printed. Although three-dimensional natural CTE frameworks have been shown to stimulate chondrogenesis in the lab, this success has not yet been transferred to clinical use [49]. Opportunities abound for researchers in chemistry, physics, materials, engineering, physiology, and clinical medicine to work together to find lasting solutions to the pressing problems we have outlined above.…”

High-strength and high-elasticity silk fibroin-composite gelatin biomaterial hydrogels for rabbit knee cartilage regeneration

“…Biomaterial hydrogel exhibit outstanding biocompatibility, fostering cell proliferation and ECM synthesis. Nonetheless, their biomechanical characteristics are somewhat lacking (Sheehy et al, 2015;Thomas and Mercuri, 2023). Examples of such materials are Silk Fibroin (SF) (Gong et al, 2020), Gelatin (Gel) (Wu et al, 2020), Chitosan (Luo et al, 2022), Sodium Alginate (Luo et al, 2022) and Cellulose (Zhu X. et al, 2018).…”

“…Synthetic hydrogels possess exceptional biomechanical properties that can fulfill the mechanical demands of articular cartilage. Nevertheless, they exhibit a lack of biocompatibility and have the potential to generate toxic metabolites that hinder cell proliferation and ECM production (Sheehy et al, 2015;Thomas and Mercuri, 2023). These materials include Polyvinyl Alcohol (Li et al, 2019;Gan et al, 2020), Polyacrylamide (Buyanov et al, 2019;Awasthi et al, 2021), Polyethylene Glycol (Schneider et al, 2019) and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Li et al, 2022).…”

Absorbable Nail Fixation of Biologic Membrane for Treatment of Cartilage Defects by Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation

“…There are many methods for treating articular cartilage injury in clinical practice, including joint cleaning, inlay-forming techniques, microfracture techniques, 8 and bone cartilage transplantation technology. 9 , 10 Among them, joint cleaning and microfracture techniques are simple and can alleviate symptoms but cannot form hyaline cartilage at the injured site, and therefore the long-term effect is poor. Bone cartilage transplantation includes both autologous cartilage transplantation and allogeneic cartilage transplantation; however, autologous cartilage transplantation can damage the donor site, whereas allogeneic cartilage transplantation has limited sources.…”