In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant and Anti-Hyperglycemic Activities of Moroccan Oat Cultivars

Abstract

Improvement of oat lines via introgression is an important process for food biochemical functionality. This work aims to evaluate the protective effect of phenolic compounds from hybrid Oat line (F11-5) and its parent (Amlal) on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and to establish the possible mechanisms of antidiabetic activity by digestive enzyme inhibition. Eight phenolic acids were quantified in our samples including ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, salicylic, syringic, sinapic, p-coumaric and chlorogenic acids. The Oat extract (2000 mg/kg) ameliorated the glucose tolerance, decreased Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and oxidative stress markers, including Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat liver and kidney. Furthermore, Metformin and Oat intake prevented anxiety, hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in diabetic rats. In vivo anti-hyperglycemic effect of Oat extracts has been confirmed by their inhibitory activities on α-amylase (723.91 μg/mL and 1027.14 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (1548.12 μg/mL & 1803.52 μg/mL) enzymes by mean of a mixed inhibition.

Respon Glikemik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Nasi Yang Dimasak Menggunakan Campuran Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn.) dan kayu Manis (Cinnammum sp)

“…Kadar gula yang dibebaskan setelah tepung nasi yang dimasak dengan campuran herbal (C1, C2, C3 dan C4) diinkubasi dengan enzim alfa amilase selama 60 menit tidak berbeda nyata dengan tepung nasi biasa (C5). Diduga kadar senyawa bioaktif khususnya senyawa fenolik yang terekstrak dari campuran kunyit dan kayu manis kadarnya terlalu rendah untuk dapat menghambat aktivitas enzim alpha amilase (Marmouzi et al, 2017). .…”

“…C1 = 3 g kunyit dan 0 g kayu manis; C2 = 2 g kunyit dan 1 g kayu manis; C3 = 1 g kunyit dan 2 gram kayu manis; C4 = 0 g kunyit dan 3 g kayu manis; C5 = kontrol Pada pengujian tingkat hidrolisis pati ini digunakan satu jenis enzim yaitu alpha amilase. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penghambatan senyawa penolik terhadap enzim alpha amilase tergantung pada dosis dan sumber senyawa penolik yang digunakan (Kalita et al, 2018;Marmouzi et al, 2017;Gondi dan Prasada, 2015). Senyawa penolik dari Moroccan Oat memiliki IC 50 terhadap enzim alpha amilase antara 723,1 hingga 1027,14 ppm, tergantung pada varietasnya (Marmouzi et al, 2017).…”

Characteristics of Potential Protein Nutraceuticals of Plant Origin with Antioxidant Activity

“…A variety of tests are used for determining the antioxidant activity of antioxidants [5,13,28,30,32,[56][57][58][59]. Some of them are based on the measurement of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), chelation of metals and inhibiting lipid oxidation [5,28,30,[57][58][59].…”

“…EC 50 indicates the concentration of an antioxidant which results in a decrease in the DPPH radical concentration by 50%. Recently, to assess the antioxidant potential of antioxidants, tests using cell cultures have been applied [13,30,56,57].…”

“…The FNDRLRQGQLL, GLVYIL, YHNAPGLVYIL and DVNNNANQLEPR peptides protected HepG2 cells from peroxyl radical-induced oxidative stress [30]. Not only fragments of amino acid sequences that exhibit antioxidant activity, but also other compounds found in oat grains can be nutraceuticals [32,33,56]. Oat contains from 2.3 to 8.5/100 g β-glucans, i.e., the soluble fraction of dietary fibre, that has health-promoting properties for the human body [33].…”