In vitro and in vivo mutagenicity studies with airborne particulate extracts

Crebelli, Riccardo; Fuselli, Sergio; Meneguz, Annarita; Aquilina, Gabriele; Conti, L.; Leopardi, Paola; Zijno, Andrea; Baris, Federico; Carere, A.

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(88)90059-6

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although analysis of particulates in this study showed that 45% of the extractable material is composed of carcinogenic PAHs, the overall mutagenicity observed from the total extract may include contributions from other compounds. The results of mutagenicity testing presented here show that airborne samples from Santiago have very high mutagenic activity compared to samples collected for recent similar studies done in other cities of the world such as Genoa [31], Rome [32], Rio de Janeiro [33], and the region of Silesia [34], The high mutagenic response of Santiago's samples assayed in the absence of S9 indicates high direct muta genicity. Similar responses have been reported for sam ples collected in Oslo [35], Durham, North Carolina [36] and for Rio de Janeiro [33], where it was suggested that nitroarenes were implicated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Similar responses have been reported for sam ples collected in Oslo [35], Durham, North Carolina [36] and for Rio de Janeiro [33], where it was suggested that nitroarenes were implicated. However, it has been re ported that nitroarenes in samples assayed from Rome [32] make only a small contribution to the overall muta genicity. Different studies have suggested that unsubsti tuted PAHs do not provide an important contribution to the mutagenic response induced by unfractionated air borne particles in the Ames test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Levels and Mutagenic Activities of Organic Extracts from Airborne Particles in Santiago de Chile

Gil¹,

Adonis²

1996

Indoor Built Environ

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The levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in airborne particles were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 97 samples collected in downtown Santiago de Chile. The mean annual concentration was 260 ng-m~3 (range 71.80-1,345 ng-m-3). Six PAHs classified as carcinogenic by the WHO comprised 45% of the total PAHs. The annual mean concentration for benzo(a)pyrene was 18.25 ng-m-3 (range 2.08-130.30 ng-m-3), much higher than reported levels for several European and American cities. Levels in the cold season were, on average, 2.87 times higher than in the hot season. Principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyse the PAHs profiles. Organic extracts of particulate matter were examined by the Ames test using strain TA 98 ± S9 and all samples showed a very high mutagenic response both ± S9. The mutagenicity of the extracts was much higher than reported from studies in other countries. Earlier work with the strains TA 98 NR and TA 98/1,8 DNP6 had suggested that the extracts also contained mononitro- and dinitro-arenes. Continual exposure to particulates containing carcinogenic PAHs and nitroarenes represents a health risk for Santiago residents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Levels and Mutagenic Activities of Organic Extracts from Airborne Particles in Santiago de Chile

Gil¹,

Adonis²

1996

Indoor Built Environ

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“…The organic material was dried with rotavapor under nitrogen stream, weighted and then resuspended in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Part of the crude extract was also separated into acid, basic, and neutral fractions by standard methods elsewhere described (8). The neutral fraction was applied onto a preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate (PSC Fertigplatten Kieselgel 60, Merck).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies on urban-air mutagenicity have been performed in different countries for assessing the potential mutagenic exposure of the human population in towns (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). The studies of correlation between mutagenicity and chemical pollutants have been carried out to possibly identify either the major sources of mutagenic materials or reliable mutagenicity descriptors (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and mutagenic patterns of airborne particulate matter collected in 17 Italian towns.

Barale

Giromini

et al. 1994

Environ Health Perspect

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The mutagenicity of airborne particulate matter collected in 17 towns of Italy in 1990 was assessed using the Ames test. The mutagenicity of crude extract correlated with amount of lead, suggesting the direct contribution of gasoline car exhausts. Moreover, the mutagenicity correlated with particulate matter amounts. An inverse correlation with temperature was observed. The crude extracts were fractionated in acid, basic, and neutral fractions. The latter was further separated into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), polar, and nonpolar fractions. Acid and polar fractions showed the higher mutagenicity. Average recovery of mutagenicity was about 60%. -Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 4): 67-73 (1994).

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“…Several studies have shown correlation between respiratory symptoms and heart diseases with the inhalable particles [2,3]. Particles with a size less than 10 mm (PM10) have long been implicated in causing adverse health effects and increased mortality [4] whereas fine (PM2.5) and ultrafine particles impose even higher risk [5][6][7]. Thus, it is of paramount importance the ability to correlate the sources and chemical composition of aerosols with their biological impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of atmospheric particulate matter using aquatic bioassays

Papadimitriou¹,

Evagelopoulos²,

Samaras³

et al. 2006

WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health, Vol 10

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The investigation of ecotoxicological effects of particulate matter and the increasing interest in correlating chemical composition to biological impacts is of paramount importance. A complete assessment of biological impacts will require a broad look at the effects of human health and the terrestrial and aquatic environments. The objective of this work was to assess the effects of various sizes of particulates on aquatic organisms. Samples were collected from filters and the filter contents were extracted with DCM using a Soxhlet extractor. Then concentration DCM extracts were condensated to 2 ml by rotary evaporation and each millilitre of extract was exchanged with 1 ml of DMSO and then diluted to freshwater. The samples were then analyzed for their ecotoxicological properties with Vibrio fischeri and bioassay. Five consecutive dilutions of the sample were tested in order to determine the EC50 values as a result of different size of particulates.

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In vitro and in vivo mutagenicity studies with airborne particulate extracts

Cited by 41 publications

References 19 publications

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Levels and Mutagenic Activities of Organic Extracts from Airborne Particles in Santiago de Chile

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Levels and Mutagenic Activities of Organic Extracts from Airborne Particles in Santiago de Chile

Chemical and mutagenic patterns of airborne particulate matter collected in 17 Italian towns.

Toxicity of atmospheric particulate matter using aquatic bioassays

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