In-vitro and in-vivo nematicidal activities of the cyclic dodecapeptide omphalotin A

Abstract

Omphalotin A, a cyclic dodecapeptide produced by submerged cultures of the basidiomycete Omphalotus olearius, exhibited in-vitro and in-vivo nematicidal activity. Meloidogyne incognita was the most sensitive nematode. At 2.0 mg litre-1, 50% of the nematodes were dead after one hour. Heterodera schachtii, Radopholus similis and Pratylenchus penetrans were aþ ected at higher concentrations. Incorporated into agar, the compound prevented infection of cucumber seedlings by M. incognita at concentrations of 1 mg litre-1 and higher. In glasshouse tests, complete protection of cucumbers and lettuce was achieved between 2.5 and 10 mg litre-1. No insecticidal activity was observed when Plutella xylostella, Phaedon cochleariae or Spodoptera frugiperda were fed material containing 4 g kg-1 of omphalotin A. 1999 Society of Chemical Industry (

Activity of fungal culture filtrates against soybean cyst nematode and root-knot nematode egg hatch and juvenile motility

“…This complicates direct comparison of fungal broth activities against the two nematode species. However, variable activity of compounds applied against Heterodera and Meloidogyne has been reported in previous studies (Gourd et al, 1994;Mayer et al, 1999), and in our study, the possibility of a nematode species-speci c effect of some ltrates on the two nematodes is reinforced by the observation that several isolates produced ltrates that strongly stimulated SCN hatch but strongly inhibited RKN hatch. Compounds selected for future study will be tested at a range of concentrations to more fully examine nematode-speci c activity.…”

“…For example, the fungus Omphalotus olearius produced omphalotin A, a nematicidal compound that demonstrated greatest activity against the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood (Buchel et al, 1998;Mayer et al, 1999). Fungal endophytes of tall fescue produced (or induced production of) compounds including loline alkaloids, pyrrolopyrazine, and organic acids that may account for activity against some phytoparasitic nematodes (Rowan & Gaynor, 1986;Porter, 1994;Bush et al, 1997).…”

Production of leucinostatins and nematicidal activity of Australian isolates of Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson

“…It is worthwhile noting that culture filtrates from some strains of fungi have shown various levels of nematicidal activity on different trophic groups of nematodes (Cayrol et al. 1989; Hallmann and Sikora 1996; Mayer et al. 1999).…”

Macrocyclic N-Methylated Cyclic Peptides and Depsipeptides

“…Biological studies on omphalotin were introduced by Mayer et al [223,229]. Omphalotin A 248 was reported to have nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita, nematodes mostly found in olive, oak, and chestnut trees.…”