In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility of Recrystallized Amylose and Its Application for Low Glycemic Foods

Abstract

ABSTRA ABSTRA ABSTRA ABSTRA ABSTRACT CT CT CT CT: : : : : T T T T To pr o pr o pr o pr o predict physiologic functions of r edict physiologic functions of r edict physiologic functions of r edict physiologic functions of r edict physiologic functions of recr ecr ecr ecr ecrystalliz ystalliz ystalliz ystalliz ystallized amylose (R ed amylose (R ed amylose (R ed amylose (R ed amylose (RCA), the tr CA), the tr CA), the tr CA), the tr CA), the true r ue r ue r ue r ue resistant star esistant star esistant star esistant star esistant starch (RS) content of ch (RS) content of ch (RS) content of ch (RS) content of ch (RS) content of RCA in the small intestine was directly measured using ileorectostomized rats where the distal ileum was anasto-RCA in the small intestine was directly measured using ileorectostomized rats where the distal ileum was anasto-RCA in the small intestine was directly measured using ileorectostomized rats where the distal ileum was anasto-RCA in the small intestine was directly measured using ileorectostomized rats where the distal ileum was anasto-RCA in the small intestine was directly measured using ileorectostomized rats where the distal ileum was anastomosed to the rectum (the cecum and colon were surgically resected together). The estimated in vivo resistant starch mosed to the rectum (the cecum and colon were surgically resected together). The estimated in vivo resistant starch mosed to the rectum (the cecum and colon were surgically resected together). The estimated in vivo resistant starch mosed to the rectum (the cecum and colon were surgically resected together). The estimated in vivo resistant starch mosed to the rectum (the cecum and colon were surgically resected together). The estimated in vivo resistant starch content of RCA was the same as the value obtained from the in vitro enzymatic RS determination (~50%). RCA content of RCA was the same as the value obtained from the in vitro enzymatic RS determination (~50%). RCA content of RCA was the same as the value obtained from the in vitro enzymatic RS determination (~50%). RCA content of RCA was the same as the value obtained from the in vitro enzymatic RS determination (~50%). RCA content of RCA was the same as the value obtained from the in vitro enzymatic RS determination (~50%). RCA resistance to amylolytic enzymes in the small intestine was retained even after RCA incorporation into processed resistance to amylolytic enzymes in the small intestine was retained even after RCA incorporation into processed resistance to amylolytic enzymes in the small intestine was retained even after RCA incorporation into processed resistance to amylolytic enzymes in the small intestine was retained even after RCA incorporation into processed resistance to amylolytic enzymes in the small intestine was retained even after RCA incorporation into processed foods, and a bread containing 20% RCA showed a significantly lower glycemic response in rats compared with that foods, and a bread containing 20% RCA showed a significantly lower glycemic respons...

Effect of Bread Containing Resistant Starch on Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels in Humans

“…16) Bread is frequently taken in daily meals. In the present study we prepared bread containing about 6 g of resistant starch for daily ingestion, and examined its effect on postprandial blood glucose in 20 subjects who showed a fasting blood glucose level between 100 and 140 mg/dl in the preliminary examination.…”

Partial Replacement of Waxy Cornstarch by Recrystallized Amylose Retards the Development of Insulin Resistance in Rats

“…Recrystallized amylose with major chain lengths of 10-30 glucose units was prepared by the method previously described. 10) The in vitro resistant starch contents of RCA and WCS were determined to be 51.1% and 0% by the method of McClearly et al, 16) and were almost comparable to those obtained in vivo by using ileorectostomized rats.…”

“…Starch was usually completely digested and absorbed, the energy expenditure being estimated to be 4.1 kcal/g. However, the digestibility of RCA in the small intestine was about 50%, 10) and the digestible energy was estimated to be 2.1 kcal/g of RCA. Part of the ingested RCA that travels to the large intestine without being digested is utilized as a fermentation substrate by microflora, and is converted into various organic acids such as short-chain fatty acids.…”

“…[22][23][24] In the present study, in order to investigate the effect of the test diets on the body fat ratio, the plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were measured over time because there is a significant positive correlation between the plasma lipid concentration and body fat ratio. 10,25) Change in body fat ratio was also monitored by measuring TOBEC. As shown in Fig.…”

“…Tel/Fax: +81-54-238-5132; E-mail: actmori@agr.shizuoka.ac.jp Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; GTT, glucose tolerance test; HAS, high-amylose cornstarch; IR, insulin resistance; NIDDM, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; RCA, recrystallized amylose; TOBEC, total body electroconductivity; WCS, waxy cornstarch tions of triglycerides and cholesterol, and the adipose tissue mass were lower in rats fed on diets containing 10-40% RCA for 4 wk. 10) Reduced calorie expenditure suppresses hypertrophy of fat cells. 11) Recent studies have reported that the release of free fatty acids from enlarged fat cells was increased, while the release of adiponectin, which promotes insulin sensitivity by enhancing fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and liver, was presumably decreased.…”