In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Abstract

Background:Chitosan nanoparticles have gained growing interest for nanomedicine, biomedical engineering and development of new therapeutic with improved bioavailability, increased sensitivity and specificity, and reduced toxicity. Objective: The aim of the present study is to synthesis of the chitosan nanoparticles for antimycobacterial applications. Methods: Chitosan were isolated from the shrimp shell. Tripolyphosphate (TPP) will be used to prepare chitosan nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation method. The size and morphology of the chitosan nanoparticle was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The broth microdilution method is used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of nanoparticle chitosan on strain M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Results: The SEM micrographs of the nano-magnetic chitosan showed that they were approximately uniform spheres and the rough surface morphology, have a solid dense cubical or rectangular structure. Using the broth microdilution susceptibility method, chitosan nanoparticle was found to have the antimycobacterial effects with a MIC value of 1200 μg/mL whilst MBCs value of 2400 μg/mL for M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Conclusion: The conclusion from the study was chitosan nanoparticle have potential as a source of lead compounds that may be developed further into antimycobacterial drugs.

Immunostimulatory Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles on Wistar Albino Rats

“…11 The shells were demineralized by agitating continuously with 5% HCl at the ratio of 1:15 (w/v, shell to a solution) 36 hr at room temperature. The demineralized shells were treated with 5% NaOH solution at the ratio of shell to a solution of 1:10 (w/v) at 90-95°C for 6 hr.…”

“…11,22,23 Initially in order to create the homogeneous chitosan solution, about 1.5 g of chitosan dissolved in 200 ml of 2% acetic acid solution was kept under magnetic stirring process for about 20 min. Furthermore, to the above prepared chitosan solution, 0.8 g of sodium tripolyphosphate dissolved in 107 ml of conductivity water was added drop wise and stirred well for about 30 min to reach equilibrium.…”

“…9,10 Over the last three decades, there has been increasing number of publications on chitosan and its derivatives in the pharmaceutical industry. The chitosan is known to possess many biological activities such as antibacterial, 11,12 antioxidant, 13 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition, 14 antidiabetic, 15 anti-HIV, 16 anti-inflammatory activities, only restricted to those activities, but also chitosan modification will enhance and open various ways to utilize chitosan. 19 The rationale for this is that chitosan modification will keep the original physiochemical and biochemical properties of chitosan and bring the new properties of the group introduced to them at the same time.…”

“…19 The rationale for this is that chitosan modification will keep the original physiochemical and biochemical properties of chitosan and bring the new properties of the group introduced to them at the same time. 8,11,20 The chitosan nanoparticle has received much attention from researchers which has been related to their potential application, especially in medicine. 21,22 Nanoparticle chitosan has gained growing interest due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, high permeability, non-toxic property, cost-effectiveness and excellent film forming ability.…”

Protective Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticle against Cadmium Chloride Induced Gastric Toxicity in Rat

“…Natural products have advantages over the conventionally used drugs that are much expensive and known to have harmful side effects for the treatment of various disease. [7][8] Many authors tried antioxidant of a natural product like chitosan, quercetine; piperine; curcumin against heavy metal toxicity. [9][10] Several studies have shown that chitosan has remarkable biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, antihypertensive, antitumoral, and antibacterial activities.…”