In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Oral Candida Isolates from Patients Suffering from Caries and Chronic Periodontitis

Abstract

Caries and chronic periodontitis are common oral diseases where a higher Candida colonization is reported. Antifungal agents could be adjuvant drugs for the therapy of both clinical conditions. The aim of the current study has been to evaluate the in vitro activities of conventional and new antifungal drugs against oral Candida isolates from patients suffering from caries and/or chronic periodontitis. In vitro activities of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, nystatin, posaconazole and voriconazole against 126 oral Candida isolates (75 Candida albicans, 18 Candida parapsilosis, 11 Candida dubliniensis, six Candida guilliermondii, five Candida lipolytica, five Candida glabrata, four Candida tropicalis and two Candida krusei) from 61 patients were tested by the CLSI M27-A3 method. Most antifungal drugs were highly active, and resistance was observed in less than 5% of tested isolates. Miconazole was the most active antifungal drug, being more than 98% of isolates susceptible. Fluconazole, itraconazole, and the new triazoles, posaconazole and voriconazole, were also very active. Miconazole, fluconazole and voriconazole have excellent in vitro activities against all Candida isolates and could represent suitable treatment for a hypothetically adjunctive therapy of caries and chronic periodontitis.

Antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms present in periodontal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Fifteen studies ( Gamboa et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Ehrmann et al, 2014 ; Xie et al, 2014 ; Collins et al, 2016 ; Bhardwaj et al, 2017 ; De-la-Torre et al, 2017 ; Arredondo et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Bhat et al, 2019 ; Mínguez et al, 2019 ; Almeida et al, 2020 ; Ardila and Bedoya-Garcia, 2020 ; Irshad et al, 2020 ; Aguilar-Luis et al, 2021 ) were conducted in a University/Dentistry College. Three studies were conducted in a public dental clinic ( Binta and Patel, 2016 ; Akrivopoulou et al, 2017 ; Ansiliero et al, 2021 ), and other three studies were conducted in private clinics ( Rams et al, 2011 , 2014b , 2020 ).…”

Therapeutic tools for oral candidiasis: Current and new antifungal drugs

“…Voriconazole is a second-generation triazole developed from fluconazole with also a broad antifungal spectrum that can be used as alternative for the treatment of fluconazole-refractory oral candidiasis. The in vitro susceptibility cut-off point is 0.125 μg/ml for the clinical isolates of C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis; however, it has been established at 0.5 μg/ml for C. krusei (35). The maximum activity against Candida is reached from an AUC24h/MIC index of 25-100.…”

Distribution of Yeast Species and Risk Factors of Oral Colonization among the Residents at Nursing Homes in Taiwan

“…Hence, it is worth noting that in addition to those common species that cause diseases in humans, the remaining rare species recovered from the present study may also be potential pathogens causing diseases. Among 126 oral Candida isolates from patients suffering from caries and chronic periodontitis, 75 were C. albicans, 18 were C. parapsilosis, 11 were C. dubliniensis, 6 were C. guilliermondii, 5 were C. lipolytica, 5 were C. glabrata, 4 were C.tropicalis and 2 were C.krusei [32]. In Japan, Candida species in tongue dorsa were detected in 162 of 266 participants older than 60 years old.…”