In vitro antioxidant activities and inhibitory effects of phenolic extract of Senecio biafrae (Oliv and Hiern) against key enzymes linked with type II diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

The phenolic extract of Senecio biafrae leaves was investigated to determine the in vitro antioxidant, phenolic profiles, and inhibition of key enzymes relevant to type II diabetes mellitus (α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase) and Alzheimer's disease (acetylcholinesterase and butrylcholinesterase). The phenolic extract demonstrated significant scavenging abilities against all in vitro antioxidant parameters assessed. Reversed‐phase HPLC of the extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, chlorogenic, caffeic acid, rutin, quercetin, and kaempferol. The extract also inhibited activities of α‐amylase (IC 50 = 126.90 μg/ml), α‐glucosidase (IC 50 = 139.66 μg/ml), acetylcholinesterase (IC 50 = 347.22 μg/ml), and butrylcholinesterase (IC 50 = 378.79 μg/ml), which may be attributed to the antioxidant potential of the extract and its phenolic composition. Therefore, this study suggests that the leaves of S. biafrae may be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.

Antioxidant and Inhibitory Activities of Enzymes Linked to Type II Diabetes Mellitus: The Novel Role of Chrysobalanus Orbicularis Leaf Extract

“…Specifically, the inhibition of the enzymes that are implicated in the intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates is one of the most effective therapeutic approach in lowering postprandial blood glucose levels in diabetic patients [23,24]. The enzyme, α-amylase, has been known to control and hydrolyze complex carbohydrates to disaccharides, while α-glucosidase breaks down oligosaccharides to monosaccharides, thereby leading to a rise in postprandial serum glucose level [25,26]. The ability of C. orbicularis leaf extract to inhibit the two enzymes confirms the potential of the extract in the management of diabetes mellitus [18,19].…”

Hepatoprotective effect of Lobelia alsinoides Lam. in Wistar rats

“…After 30 min, 1.5 mL of the incubated solution was removed and diluted with 1.5 mL of Griess reagent. Absorbance of the chromophore formed during diazotization of the nitrate with sulphanilamide and subsequent coupling with N-(1naphthyl) ethylene diamine dihydrochloride was measured at 546 nm and the percentage scavenging activity was measured with reference to the standard, Gallic acid (125–2000 μg/mL concentrations from a stock concentration of 10 mg/mL) [18] .…”

Cherry stem phenolic compounds: Optimization of extraction conditions and in vitro evaluations of antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti‐inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities

“…The results of this study are also comparable to the previous studies about antidiabetic activities of different plant extracts. It was reported that Nepeta nuda subsp., Glandulifera, and N. Cadmea extracts (Sarikurkcu et al, 2019), jute leaf extract (Oboh et al, 2012), soybean extracts (Ademiluyi & Oboh, 2013) finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) seed coat extracts (Shobana et al, 2009), Senecio biafrae leaves extract (Ajiboye et al, 2018), and pomegranate peel extract (Demir et al, 2019) could inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase in different degrees. Also, the studies about individual phenolic compounds reported that caffeic, coumaric acid (Pulbutr et al, 2017), gallic acid (Oboh et al, 2016), naringenin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, catechin, epicatechin, daidzein, and epigallocatechin gallate (Tadera, Minami, Takamatsu, & Matsuoka, 2006) had inhibitory activities in different degrees against α-amylase and α-glucosidase.…”