In vitro –assessment of Remineralization and Microleakage of Tetra Calcium Phosphate Composite Versus Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of composite releasing Ca and PO4 ions versus conventional glass Ionomer, resin-modified glass Ionomer and hybrid composite regarding remineralization capacity and Microleakage. Methods: thirty-four caries-free premolars were used, and class v cavities were prepared on each tooth. These teeth were divided into four groups and restored with the following materials : (Resin-modified glass Ionomer RMGI, Glass Ionomer GI, Hybrid composite HC, Tetracalcium phosphate composite TTCP). Sixteen teeth were stored in demineralized solution for two days then examined by SEM. All treated teeth were stored in a glass bottle in artificial saliva of pH 7 at 37oC for periods 30 days then examined by SEM. Two specimens used as a baseline. 16 teeth were sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction through the middle of restoration after immersed in 1% methylene blue solution for 24h, observation for marginal leakage was done under Stereomicroscope at 10X. Results SEM micrographs of group glass-ionomer showed almost normal enamel surface with numerous mineral deposits. The resin-modified glass-ionomer showed enamel surface exhibits almost normal appearance and has minute mineral deposits. The hybrid composite showed enamel surface irregularities and slight separation between enamel and restoration and Tetracalcium phosphate TTCP showed almost normal enamel surface that occluded by numerous mineral deposits. Conclusions: Tetracalcium phosphate composite and resin-modified glass ionomer, are highest marginal sealing than either hybrid composite and conventional glass-ionomers. Tetracalcium phosphate composite, are more effective at remineralization capacity than other groups.

Selected Mechanical Properties of Dental Hybrid Composite with Fluorine, Hydroxyapatite and Silver Fillers

“…In recent years, research has been focused on the modification of dental composites in order to obtain the best possible mechanical properties and aesthetics [15][16][17]. Various calcium phosphates have been added to these materials, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp) [10,[18][19][20][21], amorphous calcium phosphates (ACP) [22][23][24], tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) [25,26] and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate (DCPA) [27,28]. The interest of the researchers in calcium phosphates can be explained by their outstanding bioactive properties, especially those of hydroxyapatite (HAp or HA).…”