In vitro behavior of the dentin and enamel calcium hydroxyapatite in human premolars subjected to high temperatures

Abstract

This paper details a cross-sectional, descriptive observational in vitro study of a pseudo-experimental nature that analyzes Electron Microscopy (SEM) by scanning the physical behavior of enamel and dentin calcium hydroxyapatite. The purpose is to describe the separation of these two mineralized dental tissues at the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) when the teeth are subjected to high temperatures. This study provides scientific evidence that may broaden the discussion on the use of separation of the dentin-enamel junction as a constant and repetitive reliable marker for forensic use (use in forensic sciences) that can contribute to the dental identification process and documentation in a legal medical autopsy, given a situation in which bodies or human remains have been burned, carbonizated or incinerated.

Clinical Performance and Remineralization Potential of Different Biomimitic Materials on White Spot Lesions

“…It is considered as the hardest and the most resistant tissue in the body, due to its contents of 95% inorganic material (calcium hydroxyapatite crystals). The function of enamel is to protect the dentin-pulp complex; therefore it was selected for this study (18) . The major inclusion that makes dental mineral much more acid soluble than hydroxyapatite or fluorapatite is the carbonate ion that substitutes for the phosphate ion in the crystal lattice, producing defects and calcium deficient regions.…”

Role of Hydroxyapatite and Ellagic Acid in the Osteogenesis

“…In fact, almost 95% of tooth enamel is HA in the form of calcium HA crystals. 8 Therefore, HA can be used in the form of a graft or inert scaffold for bone healing because its chemical structure resembles natural bone. In addition, HA has good biocompatibility, bioaffinity, bioactivity, osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osteointegration properties.…”

Relation of Trace Elements on Dental Health

“…Enamel is the hardest and most resistant tissue in the body. It consists of 95% inorganic material (calcium hydroxyapatite crystals), 2% organic material (proteins such as amylogenic, enameline, ameloblastin, and tuftelin, among others), and 3% water [6][7][8]. A negligible part of the 95% inorganic material is represented by TEs.…”

“…The dentin consists of 70% inorganic material (hydroxyapatite crystals and TEs), 18% organic material (type I collagen fiber and proteins such as osteonectin, osteopontin, osteoclastin-like dentin Gla protein, dentin phosphorene, dentin matrix protein, and dentin sialoprotein) and 12% water [6][7][8].…”