In Vitro Biocompatibility of SiCHA Nanopowders on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) possesses good biocompatibility, bioactivity and osteoconductivity and closely mimics the mineralised phase of human bone and teeth. However, for many years the clinical researchers worldwide have been aware that the mineral phase of bone is not solely HA but contains a number of substituents (e.g. CO 3 , Si, Zn, Sr, Na and Mg). Among the substituents, carbonate is the major substitute ions which are present about 2-8 wt. % depending mainly on the individual age. The presence of approximately 1 wt. % Si is known to be essential in bone formation and calcification. Thus, the present study is aimed at developing a new biomaterial consisting both of these two biologically important cations into the HA structure by synthesising silicon carbonated HA (SiCHA) powders via nanoemulsion method, and to assess the in vitro biocompatibility of the as-synthesised powders in response to human Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs). Both the carbonate and silicon ions were successfully substituted into the HA lattice. Powders with carbonate encouraged better cell activity in comparison to the carbonate-free powders. While, SiHA and SiCHA-1 as-synthesised powders with high amount of Si (> 1 wt. %) tend to kill some cells at the early stage of seeding and hinder cells activity afterwards. Among the tested powders, SiCHA-2 as-synthesised powders is chosen as the optimum composition as it exhibited the highest cell viability and proliferation besides having the closest amount of carbonate and Si ions to the bone mineral.

Hydrogel scaffolds based on blood plasma cryoprecipitate and collagen derived from various sources: Structural, mechanical and biological characteristics

“…Sakiyama-Elbert (2019) demonstrates the dynamic development of the direction of creating tissue-engineering constructs and cell delivery systems based on biomaterials in combination with stem cells [94]. MSCs are often used for in vitro biocompatibility testing of new materials developed for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering [95,96], including hydrogels [97]. To demonstrate the principal possibility of using the studied hydrogels in the future as scaffolds for culturing and delivering cells, human adipose tissue ASCs were encapsulated in the structure of scaffolds.…”

Bioactive Composite for Orbital Floor Repair and Regeneration

“…This may be because of the bioactive properties of HA nano particles with the higher surface area and crystallinity. The high surface area of HA nano facilitates a strong interaction between the polymer and ceramic phase, where the HA particles were encapsulated in the PU matrix and were not exposed enough to cells to be interacting [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. However, it should be considered that different cell types may have different responses to hydroxyapatite size and composition.…”

Research progress of vascularization strategies of tissue-engineered bone

“…In addition, the design of new composite bone biomaterials aimed at combining the complementary biological effects of various beneficial elements has also achieved good results (Baba et al, 2017;Ratnayake et al, 2017). For example, Sr2+/Fe3+ co-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite directly promoted the function of MC3T3 osteoblasts and HUVECs and greatly facilitated the activation of M2 macrophages to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis.…”