In vitro biodegradation potential of airborne Aspergilli and Penicillia

Savković, Željko; Stupar, M.; Unković, Nikola; Ivanović, Žarko; Blagojević, Jovana; Vukojević, Jelena; Grbić, Milica Ljaljević

doi:10.1007/s00114-019-1603-3

Cited by 42 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Fungi play a considerable role for the deterioration of cultural heritage [47], the research in Lascaux Cave declared that metabolic activity of fungi is a larger order of magnitude than bacteria; therefore, they have considerably higher biodeteriorative potential than bacteria [9]; Their ability to form hyphae, fungi may colonise and damage precious historical objects such as books, mural paintings and architectural surfaces [3,[48][49][50]. It is demonstrated In vitro biodegradation potential test of airborne Aspergilli and Penicillium that they have an excellent capacity for carbonate dissolution, acid excretion, alkaline metabolites, cellulolytic activity, and extracellular pigment production [51]. Meanwhile, many members of the airborne fungi, such as Cladosporium, Penicillium, Alternaria, and Aspergillus were considered as ubiquitous opportunistic pathogens to humans and may induce respiratory diseases as rhinitis, sinusitis, asthma and alveolitis, meanwhile, may pose potential threats on visitors [34,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of Airborne Fungi of the Tiantishan Grottoes and Western Xia Museum, Wuwei, China

Duan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The deposition of the airborne fungi onto cultural heritage is associated closely with the subsequently biodeterioration taking place. In this study, a systematic survey of the culturable airborne fungi was carried out in the occurrence environments of the wall paintings that preserved in the Tiantishan Grottoes and the Western Xia Museum, China. Bio-aerosol sampler was used for sampling in four seasons of 2016. Culture-dependent and -independent methods was taken to acquire the airborne fungal concentration and purified strains; by the extraction of genomic DNA, amplification of fungal ITS rRNA gene region, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis, thereafter the fungal community composition and distribution characteristics of different study sites were clarified. Finally, we disclosure the main environmental factors which may responsible for the dynamic changes of the airborne fungi at the sampling sites. Results: The concentration of culturable airborne fungi was in a range from 13 to 1576 CFU/m3, no significant difference between the two sites at the Tiantishan Grottoes, with the obvious characteristics of the seasonal variation, in winter and spring were higher than in summer and autumn. Meanwhile, a significance difference in fungal concentration between inside and outside of the Western Xia Museum, the outside of the museum was far more than the inside of the museum in the four seasons, particularly in the winter. Eight fungal genera were detected, including Cladosporium, Penicillium, Alternaria, and Filobasidium as the dominant groups. The airborne fungal community structures of the Tiantishan Grottoes showed a distinct characteristic of seasonal variation and spatial distribution. Relative humidity, temperature and seasonal rainfall all have influences on the airborne fungal distribution. Some of the isolated strains have potential to cause biodeterioration of the ancient wall paintings. Conclusions: The prominent seasonal variation of airborne fungal concentrations, community structures and distribution patterns were found in this study, that have close relationship with local climate conditions of the Tiantishan Grottoes. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the long period monitoring of airborne fungal flora in the future, and integrated it into a pre-warning monitoring and conservation system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of Airborne Fungi of the Tiantishan Grottoes and Western Xia Museum, Wuwei, China

Duan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…An undoubtful advantage of cultivable techniques is the enrichment of several microbial strains obtained in high cell density, which is crucial to perform laboratory assays (simulation assays or mitigation assays. Physiological analyses of single isolates may provide insight into the metabolic potential of a given microorganism (biodeteriogen), including its ability for pigment production, acid/alkaline production, proteolytic/cellulolytic activity or carbonate dissolution [ 69 ]. For example, in the work of Pavić and colleagues, it was shown that cultivable biodeteriogens were able to produce proteases, esterases, and lipases and grew on dyes as a sole source of phosphate and iron [ 70 ].…”

Section: Inspection Of Methodologies Applied For Identification Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Penicillium sp. are effective producers of pigments, but also different extracellular enzymes and acids, as well as physical damage contribute significantly to structural alterations of cultural heritage materials [ 69 , 101 ]. Taking into account the type of material, the different microbiological requirements can be distinguished.…”

Section: Microorganism-driven Deterioration Of Historical Artefactmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bad and the Good—Microorganisms in Cultural Heritage Environments—An Update on Biodeterioration and Biotreatment Approaches

et al. 2021

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Cultural heritage objects constitute a very diverse environment, inhabited by various bacteria and fungi. The impact of these microorganisms on the degradation of artworks is undeniable, but at the same time, some of them may be applied for the efficient biotreatment of cultural heritage assets. Interventions with microorganisms have been proven to be useful in restoration of artworks, when classical chemical and mechanical methods fail or produce poor or short-term effects. The path to understanding the impact of microbes on historical objects relies mostly on multidisciplinary approaches, combining novel meta-omic technologies with classical cultivation experiments, and physico-chemical characterization of artworks. In particular, the development of metabolomic- and metatranscriptomic-based analyses associated with metagenomic studies may significantly increase our understanding of the microbial processes occurring on different materials and under various environmental conditions. Moreover, the progress in environmental microbiology and biotechnology may enable more effective application of microorganisms in the biotreatment of historical objects, creating an alternative to highly invasive chemical and mechanical methods.

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“…Inadequate storage and irregular maintenance of artifacts in archives, museums and depots oftentimes favorize microbial, especially fungal, proliferation [2]. Since fungi are ubiquitous organisms, with pronounced metabolic activities, they are capable of colonizing various types of microenvironments therefore constantly causing problems in cultural heritage collections around the world [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungal propagules -spores and mycelial fragments, are always present in the air, their concentrations being dependent on environmental factors [4,5]. Namely, during their life cycle, fungi produce various types of sexual and asexual spores which are actively or passively released into the surrounding environment and dispersed by air currents to available substrates [3]. The successful colonization of available substrates requires propagules to be viable in addition to favorable growth conditions [4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Deterioration of Cultural Heritage Objects

Savković¹,

Stupar²,

Unković³

et al. 2022

Biodegradation Technology of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants

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Significant percent of world cultural heritage artifacts is threatened by fungal infestation. Fungi can deteriorate different substrates via various physical and chemical mechanisms. Hyphal growth and penetration into the substrate can cause symptoms like discoloration, biopitting, cracking, exfoliation and patina formation. On the other hand, chemical mechanisms include acid secretion, release of extracellular enzymes, pigment production, oxidation/reduction reactions and secondary mycogenic minerals formation. These processes can lead to serious, both esthetic and structural, alterations which may be irreversible and could permanently impair artworks. Proper isolation and identification of autochthonous isolates, as well as employment of different microscopic techniques and in vitro biodegradation tests are pivotal in understanding complex biodeterioration mechanisms caused by microorganisms, including fungal deteriogens. Biodeterioration and biodegradation studies require multidisciplinary approach and close collaboration of microbiologists, chemists, geologists and different personnel responsible for the safeguarding of cultural heritage monuments and artifacts, especially restorers and conservators.

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In vitro biodegradation potential of airborne Aspergilli and Penicillia

Cited by 42 publications

References 36 publications

Seasonal Variation of Airborne Fungi of the Tiantishan Grottoes and Western Xia Museum, Wuwei, China

Seasonal Variation of Airborne Fungi of the Tiantishan Grottoes and Western Xia Museum, Wuwei, China

The Bad and the Good—Microorganisms in Cultural Heritage Environments—An Update on Biodeterioration and Biotreatment Approaches

Fungal Deterioration of Cultural Heritage Objects

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