In vitro characterization and pathogenesis of Egypt/Beni- Suef/01; a novel genotype of infectious bronchitis virus

S1 gene sequence analysis of a nephropathogenic strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Egypt

“…Severe renal haemorrhages observed grossly and in hisopathological sections of birds dead after experimental infection with Egypt/F/03 denote that deaths resulted from acute renal failure. Our finding regarding the presence of petechial haemorrhages in larynx and thymus as well as severe congestion of liver, spleen and lungs in birds dead after IBV experimental infection is in agreement with [23,24] who confirmed the presence of IBV viral antigens in such organs.…”

“…In Egypt, isolates related to Massachusetts, D3128, D274, D-08880, 4/91 and the novel genotype; Egypt/Beni-Suef/ 01 were isolated from different poultry farms [15][16][17][18]. The commonly used IBV attenuated vaccine is H120 while the Mass 41 (M41) strain is commonly used in inactivated vaccines.…”

Coronaviridae: Infectious Bronchitis Virus

“…Small areas of pneumonia may be observed in the lungs (Cavanagh and Gelb 2008). In nephropathogenic strains, the kidneys are swollen and the ureters are distended with urates (Ziegler et al 2002;Abdel-Moneim et al 2005). Some IBV strains are associated with thickening of the proventricular wall with congestion at the point of emergence of the glandular ducts (Toffan et al 2013b).…”

“…The virus replicates in renal tubules and ducts, distal convoluted tubules, and Henle's loops (Chen and Itakura 1996) but may also replicate in the renal glomeruli ( Fig. 5.5) (Abdel-Moneim et al 2005). Modest to high titers of IBV in the kidney do not necessarily correlate with overt kidney disease, and there may be no gross kidney lesion (Ambali and Jones 1990).…”

“…(c) Kidney of chickens 5 days postinfection with Egypt/F/03 showing focal lymphocytic aggregation in the interstitium and glomeruli, as well as degenerative changes in tubular epithelium (40 ×). (d) Kidney of chickens 7 days postinfection with Egypt/F/03 showing massive renal hemorrhages and degeneration of renal tubular epithelium (20 ×)IBV grows also in the epithelial lining of the kidney, oviduct, testes, esophagus, proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, cecal tonsils, Harderian gland, rectum, and cloaca(Cavanagh 2003;Abdel-Moneim et al 2005;Ambali and Jones 1990;Seo et al 1997) with minimal pathological effect. The virus commonly persists in the alimentary tract in young chickens…”