In Vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Silver and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Abstract

Aim:The aim of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) when mixed with either silver or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles on human lymphocytes. Materials and methods: Human lymphocytes were exposed to white MTA or MTA in combination with silver or TiO 2 nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay for freshly mixed pellets, at 24 hours, at 48 hours, and at 72 hours time periods. The results were statistically analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference in the experimental groups with regard to cell viability. The addition of nanoparticles to MTA showed similar cell viability compared with MTA alone. Conclusion: Mineral trioxide aggregate mixed with silver or TiO 2 nanoparticles showed similar biocompatibility to MTA alone. Clinical significance: The cytotoxicity exhibited by silver or TiO 2 nanoparticles when mixed with MTA showed no significant difference and therefore, they can be used as a suitable additive to improve the antimicrobial efficacy of MTA.

Silver Nanoparticles and Their Therapeutic Applications in Endodontics: A Narrative Review

“…MTA mixed with AgNPs or titanium dioxide nanoparticles is as biocompatible as MTA alone. Therefore, AgNPs can be used as additives to enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of MTA [ 131 ]. Gold or silver nanoparticles have no effect on the overall biocompatibility of calcium silicate-based cements [ 132 ].…”

Evaluation of pH, Calcium Ion Release, and Dimensional Stability of an Experimental Silver Nanoparticle-Incorporated Calcium Silicate-Based Cement

“…Zamparini et al added tantalum pentoxide and zirconium oxide into bioceramics to enhance apatite-forming ability with fulfillment of the desired chemical and physical standards [15]. Antimicrobial agents such as silver and gold nanoparticles and titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been used to inhibit bacterial growth [16,17]. Samiei et al incorporated 1 wt% silver nanoparticles to MTA in an attempt to improve the antibacterial activity with desirable results [18].…”