In Vitro Degradation of Absorbable Zinc Alloys in Artificial Urine

Champagne, Sébastien; Safizadeh, Fariba; Ghali, Edward; Vedani, Maurizio; Hermawan, Hendra

doi:10.3390/ma12020295

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The viability of urothelial cells exposed to pure zinc remained high for all incubation times (Figure 2a). In artificial urine solution, magnesium corroded faster than zinc and iron (Figure 2b), confirming the previously published results [24]. The constant trend of the cell viability exposed to zinc could be related to the constant release of Zn 2+ ions into the solution throughout the metal incubation period.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This study began with a preliminary screening step involving a cell viability test and an electrochemical corrosion test on the three classes of absorbable metals: pure iron, magnesium, and zinc, before then focusing on selected zinc alloys. The first screening tests included a water soluble tetrazolium (WST) mitochondrial assay to assess the cell viability of urothelial cells treated for 3 days with the metal extracts, and a potentiodynamic polarization test to determine the corrosion rate in artificial urine solution, as detailed in another work [24]. The second screening test involved a further cell viability test with the addition of two zinc alloys (Zn–1Mg and Zn–0.5Al) and one magnesium alloy (Mg–2Zn–1Mn, or ZM21), which were prepared via casting and extrusion, as detailed in Mostaed et al [23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Assessment of Zn–Based Absorbable Metals for Ureteral Stent Applications

et al. 2019

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The use of ureteral stents to relieve urinary tract obstruction is still challenged by the problems of infection, encrustation, and compression, leading to the need for early removal procedures. Biodegradable ureteral stents, commonly made of polymers, have been proposed to overcome these problems. Recently, absorbable metals have been considered as potential materials offering both biodegradation and strength. This work proposed zinc-based absorbable metals by firstly evaluating their cytocompatibility toward normal primary human urothelial cells using 2D and 3D assays. In the 2D assay, the cells were exposed to different concentrations of metal extracts (i.e., 10 mg/mL of Zn–1Mg and 8.75 mg/mL of Zn–0.5Al) for up to 3 days and found that their cytoskeletal networks were affected but were recovered at day 3, as observed by immunofluorescence. In the 3D ureteral wall tissue construct, the cells formed a multilayered urothelium, as found in native tissue, with the presence of tight junctions at the superficial layer and laminin at the basal layer, indicating a healthy tissue condition even with the presence of the metal samples for up to 7 days of exposure. The basal cells attached to the metal surface as seen in a natural spreading state with pseudopodia and fusiform morphologies, indicating that the metals were non-toxic.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Assessment of Zn–Based Absorbable Metals for Ureteral Stent Applications

et al. 2019

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“…In our results, the Zn-Ag-Au-V alloy showed a relatively low degradation rate of 7.34 ± 0.64 µm/year, which was far lower than reported for most Zn-based alloys [2,45]. One explanation might be the high concentration of HPO 4 2in the DPBS (4.2 mM), as listed in Table 1.…”

Section: In Vitro Degradation Behaviorcontrasting

confidence: 58%

Evaluation of a Zn–2Ag–1.8Au–0.2V Alloy for Absorbable Biocompatible Materials

Li¹,

Schille²,

Schweizer³

et al. 2019

Materials

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Zinc (Zn) and Zn-based alloys have been proposed as a new generation of absorbable metals mainly owing to the moderate degradation behavior of zinc between magnesium and iron. Nonetheless, mechanical strength of pure Zn is relatively poor, making it insufficient for the majority of clinical applications. In this study, a novel Zn–2Ag–1.8Au–0.2V (wt.%) alloy (Zn–Ag–Au–V) was fabricated and investigated for use as a potential absorbable biocompatible material. Microstructural characterization indicated an effective grain-refining effect on the Zn alloy after a thermomechanical treatment. Compared to pure Zn, the Zn–Ag–Au–V alloy showed significantly enhanced mechanical properties, with a yield strength of 168 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 233 MPa, and an elongation of 17%. Immersion test indicated that the degradation rate of the Zn–Ag–Au–V alloy in Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline was approximately 7.34 ± 0.64 μm/year, thus being slightly lower than that of pure Zn. Biocompatibility tests with L929 and Saos-2 cells showed a moderate cytotoxicity, alloy extracts at 16.7%, and 10% concentration did not affect metabolic activity and cell proliferation. Plaque formation in vitro was reduced, the Zn–Ag–Au–V surface inhibited adhesion and biofilm formation by the early oral colonizer Streptococcus gordonii, indicating antibacterial properties of the alloy.

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“…However, in both cases the CR of Zn-5Ge was much lower than that of pure Zn. Champagne et al [ 273 ] compared the electrochemical CR of HE pure Zn, Zn-0.5Al and Zn-0.5 Mg in AU, and reported that the CR of both alloys was decreased compared to Zn counterparts, but the CR of Zn-0.5 Mg was superior than that of Zn-0.5Al alloy. For Zn based ternary alloys, Bakhsheshi-Rad et al [ 136 ] observed that the addition of Mg (0.1–0.5) progressively increased the CR of Zn-0.5Al ( Table 6 ).…”

Section: Corrosion Mechanisms and Degradation Behaviors Of Pure Zn Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent research and progress of biodegradable zinc alloys and composites for biomedical applications: Biomechanical and biocorrosion perspectives

Kabir

Munir

Wen

et al. 2021

Bioactive Materials

235

143

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Biodegradable metals (BMs) gradually degrade in vivo by releasing corrosion products once exposed to the physiological environment in the body. Complete dissolution of biodegradable implants assists tissue healing, with no implant residues in the surrounding tissues. In recent years, three classes of BMs have been extensively investigated, including magnesium (Mg)-based, iron (Fe)-based, and zinc (Zn)-based BMs. Among these three BMs, Mg-based materials have undergone the most clinical trials. However, Mg-based BMs generally exhibit faster degradation rates, which may not match the healing periods for bone tissue, whereas Fe-based BMs exhibit slower and less complete in vivo degradation. Zn-based BMs are now considered a new class of BMs due to their intermediate degradation rates, which fall between those of Mg-based BMs and Fe-based BMs, thus requiring extensive research to validate their suitability for biomedical applications. In the present study, recent research and development on Zn-based BMs are reviewed in conjunction with discussion of their advantages and limitations in relation to existing BMs. The underlying roles of alloy composition, microstructure, and processing technique on the mechanical and corrosion properties of Zn-based BMs are also discussed.

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In Vitro Degradation of Absorbable Zinc Alloys in Artificial Urine

Cited by 35 publications

References 48 publications

Biological Assessment of Zn–Based Absorbable Metals for Ureteral Stent Applications

Biological Assessment of Zn–Based Absorbable Metals for Ureteral Stent Applications

Evaluation of a Zn–2Ag–1.8Au–0.2V Alloy for Absorbable Biocompatible Materials

Recent research and progress of biodegradable zinc alloys and composites for biomedical applications: Biomechanical and biocorrosion perspectives

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