In Vitro direct plant regeneration using shoot tip explants in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) for rapid mass cloning

Abstract

Protocol for mass propagation, through direct plant regeneration in three commercial cultivars of sugarcane (CoJ64, CoJ83 & CoJ86) was standardized. Cultures were established from the young leaf segments (1.0 -1.5 cm), excised from spindle leaf (Shoot tip), used as explant source, were cultured on different media compositions based on Murashige and Skoog salts. Cultured explants exhibited swelling followed by direct shoot regeneration on media containing NAA, in all the three varieties. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration (87.58%) occurred on MS medium supplemented with NAA (5.0 mg/L) and Kinetin (0.5 mg/L) in variety, CoJ83. Medium devoid of NAA and supplemented with only kinetin did not induce direct shoot regeneration in any of the varieties thus tried. Subsequently profuse rooting of shoots was observed on the same medium and complete plantlets were recovered within 6 weeks. The sugarcane plantlets were acclimatized in greenhouse. The plantlets were hardened and transferred to soil, which exhibited good survival ranging from 85-90%. Tissue culture derived field-grown plants were normal and exhibited faster growth and better tillers. This protocol is a single step method without callus interphase for direct plant regeneration, which can be used commercially for rapid mass cloning of elite germplasm of sugarcane.

New approaches for reducing the cost of the synthetic seeds storage using sugarcane bagasse and different additives to the gel matrix for sugarcane plant in vitro.

“…Formation of adventitious shoots was stimulated by low auxin level in combination with high level of cytokinin in sugarcane (Belay et al, 2014). The greatest number of shoots 10.5±1.31 with average shoot length 4.0±0.61 cm was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BA at 2.0 mg/L) + IBA (1.0 mg/L) number of shoots 10.5±1.31 with average shoot length 4.0±0.61 cm (Kaur & Kapoor, 2017). Best shoots multiplication and elongation of sugarcane were obtained on MS Medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA + 0.5 mg/L NAA.…”

“…Best shoots multiplication and elongation of sugarcane were obtained on MS Medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA + 0.5 mg/L NAA. The greatest number of shoots 10.5±1.31 with average shoot length 4.0 ± 0.61 cm was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BA at 2.0 mg/L + IBA (1.0 mg/L) (Kaur & Kapoor, 2017).…”

“…Healthy young meristems were collected by removing the leaf sheath from field grown plants of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) maintained in the Farm of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Egypt. Explants were surface sterilized (0.1 %HgCl 2 for 10 min) (Kaur & Kapoor, 2017). A nodal portion of spindle was discarded and the outer two or three whorls of leaves were removed using a sharp scalpel blade.…”

“…Micropropagation is an important technique to generate a large number of shoots in a short time (Hailu, 2017). In vitro of sugarcane shoot propagation (87.58%) occurred on MS medium supplemented with NAA (5.0 mg/L) and Kinetin (0.5 mg/L) (Kaur & Kapoor, 2017). The encapsulation technique is designed to combine the advantages of clonal propagation with those of seeds propagation and storage (Ara et al, 2000).…”

Studies on Distribution of Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus in Commercially Grown Sugarcane Varieties in Andhra Pradesh

“…Since last two decades, production of disease free seedlings through tissue culture techniques is playing a significant role in solving the problems of viral infection in plants. This technique is applied successfully to a wide range of agricultural crops and horticultural plants to eliminate the viral infection (Rupinder and Manish, 2017;Misbah et al, 2017). Studies regarding phylogenetic origin of SCYLV revealed that 10 different genetic groups have determined viz., BRA (Brazil), CHN1, CHN2, CHN3 (China), COL (Colombia), CUB (Cuba), HAW (Hawaii), IND (India), PER( Peru) and REU (Reunion).…”