In vitro evaluation of the potential therapeutic role of Dendropanax morbifera extract in ameliorating osteoporosis and resultant bone impairment using MC3T3-E1 cells

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a widespread musculoskeletal deformity that affects thousands of older people every year, leading to bone abnormalities and ultimately increasing the risk of bone fractures in both genders. It is considered a lethal disease causing death in thousands of people at the late stage of life. Dendropanax morbifera Leveille is a subtropical broad-leaved prevalent species in Korea. Extracts of the leaves, stems, roots, and seeds of D. morbifera have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of numerous diseases such as diabetes, atherogenesis, skin disorders, and headaches. However, the anti-osteoporosis effects of D. morbifera have not been examined. The primary objectives of this study were to elucidate the anti-osteoporosis effect of D. morbifera extract through an in vitro study using pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. We found that D. morbifera strongly increased the expression of bone metabolic markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type I collagen (Col-I) level, and mineralization. Additionally, D. morbifera extract also upregulated the mRNA expression levels of osteogenic genes including ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), osterix (Osx), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in MC3T3-E1 cells via upregulation of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)/p38 MAPK/JNK and Smad1/5/8 signaling pathways. Moreover, addition of D. morbifera significantly suppressed the inhibitory effect of SB203580 (p38 inhibitor). In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that D. morbifera extract significantly increased osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells by regulating BMP-2/p38/JNK and Smad1/5/8. Our study might be helpful in the discovery and development of new anti-osteoporosis therapeutic agents.

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Bone Anabolic Effects of Blainvillea acmella (L.) Philipson

“…This would lead to imbalances between bone formation and bone resorption, contributing to osteoporosis ( Domazetovic et al, 2017 ). Current treatments such as calcitonin, estrogen, and bisphosphonates are anti-bone resorptive drugs that inhibit osteoclast activity ( Yang et al, 2018 ). However, long-term use of these treatments is associated with several side effects, such as cancer, femur fractures, osteonecrosis of the jaw, myocardial infarction, thromboembolic events, and skin reaction (DRESS syndrome) ( Khosla and Hofbauer, 2017 ; Pherwani and Sathaye, 2020 ).…”

Sword Bean (Canavalia gladiata) Pods Induce Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Osteoblast Cells by Activating the BMP2/SMAD/RUNX2 Pathway

“…As a result of previously reported studies, Cissus quadrangularis was found to promote osteoblast differentiation through increased ALP activity and matrix mineralization [16]. Similarly, Dendropanax morbifera increased downstream ALP, OPN, OCN, and RUNX2 via BMP2/p38 MAPK/JNK and SMAD1/5/9 signaling pathways [17]. In addition, Panax ginseng [18] and paeoniflorin [19] have also been shown to promote osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.…”

Anti-osteoporotic effects of mixed compositions of extracellular polymers isolated from Aureobasidium pullulans and Textoria morbifera in ovariectomized mice

“…Previously, TM extracts have exhibited numerous immunological activities, including anti-diabetic [ 19 ], antioxidant [ 20 ], anti-cancer [ 21 ], anti-insecticidal [ 22 ], anti-complementary effects, as well as antibiotic and medicinal effects for liver diseases [ 23 ]. Recently, TM extracts have been reported for anti-osteoclastogenic and osteoporosis ameliorating effects [ 24 – 26 ]. β-selinene, a sesquiterpene derivative and capnellane-8-one have been reported as the most abundant active ingredients of TM [ 27 ].…”