In Vitro Immune-Enhancement and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fatty Acids Extracted from the Halocynthia aurantium Gonad on RAW264.7 Macrophages

Lim, Junhyeok; Rod-in, Weerawan; Monmai, Chaiwat; Jang, A-yeong; Choi, JeongUn; Park, Woo Jung

doi:10.3390/nu14214510

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Macrophages and monocytes respond to pathogens in a highly variable manner depending on the nature of the pathogen and the contextual setting of the encounter [24,26]. In this study, we focused on LPS tolerance, a form of trained immunity that aims to protect the host from overproduction of inflammatory mediators [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipopolysaccharide Tolerance in Human Primary Monocytes and Polarized Macrophages

Breedijk

Dietrich

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Innate immune memory allows macrophages to adequately respond to pathogens to which they have been pre-exposed. To what extent different pattern recognition receptors, cytokines and resolution signals influence innate immune memory needs further elucidation. The present study assessed whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) tolerance in monocytes and macrophages is affected by these factors. Human CD14+ cells were isolated from peripheral blood, stimulated by LPS and re-stimulated after 3 days of resting. Hereafter, immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG-1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) expression were assessed. Our study revealed the following findings: (1) While pre-stimulation with the Toll-like receptor 4 ligand LPS inhibits the induction of IRG-1, TNF-α and IL-6 expression, pre-stimulation with TLR 1/2 ligands only affects cytokine production but not IRG-1 expression upon subsequent TLR4 engagement. (2) Prior TNF-α stimulation does not affect LPS tolerance but rather increases LPS-mediated cytokine expression. (3) Dimethyl itaconate (DMI) inhibits the expression of IRG-1 in a dose-dependent manner but does not affect TNF-α or IL-6 expression. (4) Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) partly inhibits IRG-1 expression in monocytes but not in M(IFNγ) and M(IL-4) polarized macrophages. LPS tolerance is not affected in these cells by DHA. The data presented in this study partly corroborate and extend previous findings on innate immune memory and warrant further studies on LPS tolerance to gain a better understanding of innate immune memory at the molecular level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that DHA mediates anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated macrophages [24,25]. We therefore addressed whether DHA would interfere with the induction of LPS tolerance in monocytes and polarized M (IFNγ) and M (IL-4) macrophages.…”

Section: Dha Does Not Affect Lps Tolerancementioning

confidence: 98%

Lipopolysaccharide Tolerance in Human Primary Monocytes and Polarized Macrophages

Breedijk

Dietrich

et al. 2023

IJMS

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A comprehensive evaluation of lipid profiles and nutritional quality in different animal source muscle tissues

Cui,

Wang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Food Bioscience

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Lipids Extracted from Aptocyclus ventricosus Eggs Possess Immunoregulatory Effects on RAW264.7 Cells by Activating the MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways

Lee,

Rod-in,

Jung

et al. 2024

Marine Drugs

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This study was conducted to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory and immune-enhancement properties of lipids derived from Aptocyclus ventricosus eggs on RAW264.7 cells. Firstly, we determined the fatty acid compositions of A. ventricosus lipids by performing gas chromatography analysis. The results showed that A. ventricosus lipids contained saturated fatty acids (24.37%), monounsaturated fatty acids (20.90%), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (54.73%). They also contained notably high levels of DHA (25.91%) and EPA (22.05%) among the total fatty acids. Our results for the immune-associated biomarkers showed that A. ventricosus lipids had immune-enhancing effects on RAW264.7 cells. At the maximum dose of 300 µg/mL, A. ventricosus lipids generated NO (119.53%) and showed greater phagocytosis (63.69%) ability as compared with untreated cells. A. ventricosus lipids also upregulated the expression of iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α genes and effectively upregulated the phosphorylation of MAPK (JNK, p38, and ERK) and NF-κB p65, indicating that these lipids could activate the MAPK and NF-κB pathways to stimulate macrophages in the immune system. Besides their immune-enhancing abilities, A. ventricosus lipids significantly inhibited LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory responses via the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. The results indicated that these lipids significantly reduced LPS-induced NO production, showing a decrease from 86.95% to 38.89%. Additionally, these lipids downregulated the expression of genes associated with the immune response and strongly suppressed the CD86 molecule on the cell surface, which reduced from 39.25% to 33.80%. Collectively, these findings imply that lipids extracted from A. ventricosus eggs might have biological immunoregulatory effects. Thus, they might be considered promising immunomodulatory drugs and functional foods.

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In Vitro Immune-Enhancement and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fatty Acids Extracted from the Halocynthia aurantium Gonad on RAW264.7 Macrophages

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Lipopolysaccharide Tolerance in Human Primary Monocytes and Polarized Macrophages

Lipopolysaccharide Tolerance in Human Primary Monocytes and Polarized Macrophages

A comprehensive evaluation of lipid profiles and nutritional quality in different animal source muscle tissues

Lipids Extracted from Aptocyclus ventricosus Eggs Possess Immunoregulatory Effects on RAW264.7 Cells by Activating the MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways

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