In Vitro immunostimulation of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) leucycytes with .BETA. glucan and/or Photobacterium damsela bacterin.

Abstract

Respiratory burst and phagocytic activities of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) leucocytes were determined after an in vitro incubation of head kidneys with different doses of yeast glucan and Photobacterium damsela (formerly Vibrio damsela) O-antigen.Although there was an increment of these immune functions with the

The efficacy of a commercial β-glucan preparation, EcoActiva™, on stimulating respiratory burst activity of head-kidney macrophages from pink snapper (Pagrus auratus), Sparidae

“…Other studies have also demonstrated that in vitro application of -glucans induce superoxide production in macrophages from a number of fish species including Atlantic salmon (S. salar) (Dalmo & Seljelid, 1995;Jorgensen & Robertsen, 1995), rainbow trout (O. mykiss) (Novoa et al, 1996), dab (Limanda limanda) (Tahir & Secombes, 1996), turbot (S. maximus) (Figueras et al, 1997) (P. maxima) (Castro et al, 1999) and gilthead seabream (S. auratus) (Castro et al, 1999). Therefore, it is not surprising that EcoActiva was able to directly induce respiratory burst of snapper (P. auratus) macrophages.…”

“…This process has been referred to as the respiratory or oxidative burst (Secombes & Fletcher, 1992). Studies have shown that culturing isolated macrophages in vitro with -glucan preparations can modulate the respiratory burst activity of these cells from many fish species including rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (Jorgensen et al, 1993), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (Jorgensen & Robertsen, 1995), turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) (Figueras et al, 1997) (Psetta maxima) (Castro et al, 1999) and gilthead seabream (Sparus auratus) (Castro et al, 1999). These studies have also been able to di#erentiate the e#ects of -glucan administration into either direct stimulatory e#ects or into priming e#ects that enhance respiratory burst, following subsequent stimulation (Jorgensen & Robertsen, 1995;Tahir & Secombes, 1996;Castro et al, 1999).…”

An assessment of immunostimulants as Mx inducers in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr and the effect of temperature on the kinetics of Mx responses

“…Yeast M-glucan, the compound used in the present study, is well known for its immunomodulatory properties in fish and fish cell lines. Previous work has demonstrated that optimum immunostimulatory effects are attained by administration of intermediate doses in vitro (0.1e1 mg/ml [32]; 10e50 mg/ml [28]) and in vivo (40 mg/fish) [39]. As a consequence, only an intermediate dose (50 mg glucan/fish) was chosen for our study.…”

“…Different fungal derived compounds especially the cell wall polymers made of b-1,3 and b-1,6 linkages known as glucans have been shown to increase innate immune responses of fish such as elevated phagocytic activity [28], lysozyme activity [29e30], macrophage activation [31e32], adjuvanticity [33] and bacterial disease resistance [34e36]. However, neither yeast compounds nor Vibrio vaccines have been previously investigated for their interferon/Mx inducing properties in fish.…”

Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

“…Consequently, the extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in aquaculture has led, as in other fields, to drug resistance problems (32). In order to improve health and welfare in the rearing of these animals, several alternatives such as improved husbandry, nutrition, and water quality; lower stocking densities; and use of vaccines, nonspecific immunostimulants (7), and bacterial probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (9,26) have been proposed.…”