In Vitro Potency of a Crude Aqueous Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus Leaves as an Anthelmintic against Haemonchus contortus in Jawarandu Goats

Abstract

Haemonchosis is a parasitic disease that often occurs in goats in Indonesia. In sub-tropical and tropical areas, the mortality, decreased production, stunted growth, and low weight gain due to haemonchosis have substantial economic impacts. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is recognized as a plant that has the potential for anthelmintic activity because its leaves contain tannins. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effects of a crude aqueous extract of jackfruit leaves on the parasitic worm Haemonchus contortus. Six groups of 10 adult worms were immersed in different doses (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%) of a jackfruit leaf extract or in albendazole (positive control) and assessed five times or as five replications every hour for up to 4 hours. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze worm mortality rates at the various treatment doses and observation times, while one way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences in worm morphometry. The jackfruit extract at various doses and observation times had a significant effect on worm mortality and altered the worm morphometry, especially the male and female body length, cervical papilla width, spicula length in males, and vulva flap length in females. A 1% dose of jackfruit leaf extract caused the greatest worm mortality. The in vitro worm mortality and morphometry examinations support the use of Artocarpus heterophyllus aqueous crude leaf extracts as potential anthelmintics against Haemonchus contortus.

In vitro anthelmintic activity of Chaetomorpha vieillardii ethanolic extract against adult worm motility and egg-hatching of Haemonchus contortus from sheep

“…Control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminant livestock is generally carried out using anthelmintics, which are mostly synthetic, as well as the utilization of terrestrial and marine forages that contain secondary metabolites (Kustantinah et al, 2010;Kustantinah et al, 2014;Sakti et al, 2018;Sakti et al, 2020;Politi et al, 2021;Widiarso et al, 2021). The use of herbal with antiparasitic properties are considered appropriate, as the continuous administration of broad-spectrum commercial anthelmintics such as albendazole is known to have caused parasite resistance to drugs, making treatment ineffective and increasing farm operational costs (Nixon et al, 2020;Maestrini et al, 2021;Widiarso et al, 2021;Niciura et al, 2022;Palevich et al, 2022). This occurrence is also a common case in Indonesia (Widiarso et al, 2021).…”

“…The use of herbal with antiparasitic properties are considered appropriate, as the continuous administration of broad-spectrum commercial anthelmintics such as albendazole is known to have caused parasite resistance to drugs, making treatment ineffective and increasing farm operational costs (Nixon et al, 2020;Maestrini et al, 2021;Widiarso et al, 2021;Niciura et al, 2022;Palevich et al, 2022). This occurrence is also a common case in Indonesia (Widiarso et al, 2021). In addition, problems have been found related to synthetic anthelmintic residues left in livestock products, such as meat and milk, which can become a source of chemical anthelmintic contamination in animal and human bodies, soil, and water.…”

The diversity and quality of forages and their potency as herbal anthelmintic for swamp buffalo in Brebes District, Central Java

“…Some important parts of the integrated helminth control program are improving livestock nutrition, proper grazing management, and genetic selection [6]. Furthermore, the provision of various Indonesian local forages for ruminants has been shown to have anthelmintic properties due to ingredients that can harm parasitic worms [7][8][9][10].…”