In vitro Production of Cormlets in Gladiolus

Abstract

Abstract:The ability of explants of gladiolus cv White Prosperity to form plantlets and cormlets was investigated in vitro studies. Maximum production of shoots per explant was obtained on basal medium of Murashige and Skoog (1962) containing 18 :M 6-Benzylaminopurin (BAP) and 36 :M Indole-3-butyric Acid (IBA). Callus formation was observed when in vitro cultures were maintained for 16-18 weeks. When different explants were used for their response to regenerate, maximum number of shoots per culture was achieved from nodal buds. In order to allow initiation of root formation, the shoots were transferred to one half strength Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2.5 :M, Naphthalenacetic Acid (NAA) or 19 :M Indole -3-butyric Acid (IBA). Roots developed readily within 4-5 weeks on either of the two media. However, all plantlets grew with better survival in medium containing NAA as harmonal supplement than in media containing IBA. Further MS medium containing 6 percent sucrose facilitated maximum growth of cormlets to allow their use as propagation material in vivo.

In Vitro Propagation Journey of Ornamental Gladiolus (Gladiolus Species): A Systematic Review Analysis Based on More Than 50 Years Research

“…BAP with IBA has been reported for shoot proliferation. In one report, media containing BAP (18 M) and IBA (36 M) produced the highest numbers of shoots [23].…”

“…The cormel sprouts' shoots showed the better reaction [9] Terminal and axillary buds of cormlets and nodal buds Direct organogenesis Cormel tips responded more favorably than axillary buds [23] Cormel slices of top, middle, and bottom, and in vitro derived bisected shoot tips…”

“…Explants of gladiolus were cleaned with detergents like Teepol, Tween 20, liquid detergent, or savlon, then exposed to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as reported in various works [28,59,79,80]. Numerous research reports also advise applying clorox centramide, dithane M-45, bavistin, antiseptic savlon, dematos with alcohol, and other primary sterilants like HgCl 2 and NaOCl [11,23,35,53,64,66,[81][82][83]. Gladiolus explants were immersed in 80% ethanol for 2 min before being washed and dried with sterile distilled water, and then disinfected for 3 min before being washed and dried [84].…”

“…In vitro shoot proliferation necessitates varying amounts of cytokinins and auxins, as well as a lack of PGR [23,96]; thus, organ induction is dependent on modifying auxin and cytokinin availability in the media. Media supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and NAA were also found to be beneficial for shoot proliferation [60,81,88].…”

Nawab Bahadur Yar Jang: A Catalyst in the Formation of Pakistan

“…Mahmood-ul-Hassan became its general secretary and Nawab Bahadur was elected its president. 41 Its first meeting was held in Lahore which was presided over by Sardar Muhammad Aurangzeb and was attended by Muslim representatives of all Indian states at Lahore in 1940 along with annual session of Muslim league in which historic resolution of separate homeland was passed. 42 After first meeting in Lahore, it was decided to hold meeting of states Muslim League with session of Muslim League at same venue so that they would have guidance of Quaid-e-Azam and to devise a same policy.…”