In vitro sensitivity of Verticillium fungicola to selected fungicides

Gea, Francisco J.; Tello, Julio C.; Honrubia, M.

doi:10.1007/bf00438918

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Maximum percent growth inhibition was recorded in Carbendazim followed by Thiophanate-methyl, Dithane Z-78 and Dithane M-45, respectively. Our findings gets support from the reports of Sinden (1949), Hu and Dough (1965), Smith (1970), Fletcher (1971) and Gea et al (1977Gea et al ( , 2011Gea et al ( , 2012 who observed that different isolate of V. fungicola were sensitive to Prochlorage Mn complex followed by Prochlorage + Carbendazim.…”

Section: Effect Of Different Fungitoxicants On Verticillium Fungicolasupporting

confidence: 91%

Chemical control of dry bubble disease induced by Verticillium fungicola [Preuss] Hassebr on white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporous

Jatav¹,

Rana²,

Verma³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Dry bubble disease induced by Verticillium fungicola has been observed as an important disease of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in India. The symptoms produced on well differentiated fruit body are localized light brown depressed spots. The adjacent spots coalesce together to form irregular blotches. If the host pathogen infection is established before differentiation, sclerodermoid fruiting bodies appear on casing surface. All the four fungitoxicants tested in vitro by poisoned food technique inhibited the growth of V. fungicola and A. bisporus. Carbendazim gave highest percent growth inhibition of pathogen and host followed by Thiophanate-methyl, Dithane Z-78 and Dithane M-45. In all the fungitoxicants when tested in bed condition, Carbendazim was observed to be most effective in reducing the disease incidence

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Section: Effect Of Different Fungitoxicants On Verticillium Fungicolasupporting

confidence: 91%

Chemical control of dry bubble disease induced by Verticillium fungicola [Preuss] Hassebr on white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporous

Jatav¹,

Rana²,

Verma³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…[25] The isolates were considered resistant to a fungicide if its ED 50 exceeded 50.0 mg L ¡1 , weakly resistant if the ED 50 was in the range between 5.0 and 50.0 mg L ¡1 , and sensitive if the value was less than 5.0 mg L ¡1 . [26] A selectivity index for each active ingredient was calculated as a ratio of the ED 50 mean value for each tested isolate of the pathogen and a corresponding estimate for A. bisporus. [19] Statistical analyses…”

Section: Antifungal Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicide sensitivity ofTrichodermaspp. fromAgaricus bisporusfarms in Serbia

Kosanovic

Potočnik

Vukojević

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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Trichoderma species, the causal agents of green mould disease, induce great losses in Agaricus bisporus farms. Fungicides are widely used to control mushroom diseases although green mould control is encumbered with difficulties. The aims of this study were, therefore, to research in vitro toxicity of several commercial fungicides to Trichoderma isolates originating from Serbian and Bosnia-Herzegovina farms, and to evaluate the effects of pH and light on their growth. The majority of isolates demonstrated optimal growth at pH 5.0, and the rest at pH 6.0. A few isolates also grew well at pH 7. The weakest mycelial growth was noted at pH 8.0-9.0. Generally, light had an inhibitory effect on the growth of tested isolates. The isolates showed the highest susceptibility to chlorothalonil and carbendazim (ED50 less than 1 mg L(-1)), and were less sensitive to iprodione (ED50 ranged 0.84-6.72 mg L(-1)), weakly resistant to thiophanate-methyl (ED50 = 3.75-24.13 mg L(-1)), and resistant to trifloxystrobin (ED50 = 10.25-178.23 mg L(-1)). Considering the toxicity of fungicides to A. bisporus, carbendazim showed the best selective toxicity (0.02), iprodione and chlorothalonil moderate (0.16), and thiophanate-methyl the lowest (1.24), while trifloxystrobin toxicity to A. bisporus was not tested because of its inefficiency against Trichoderma isolates.

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“…This observation corresponds with the report by Erickson et al 22 indicating that sensitivity to a DMI fungicide among individuals not yet exposed to such a fungicide varies from highly sensitive to more resistant phenotypes. However, in this study, no isolate had an ED 50 value of less than 5 mg/L or more than 50 mg/L to render them, respectively, moderately or highly resistant according to the criteria set by Russell et al 34 cited by Gea et al 24 The 12 isolates studied from the South African mushroom industry were highly sensitive to prochloraz manganese (ED 50 =0.0002-0.55 mg/L) and there were significant differences among the isolates under study. However, none of the isolates was resistant to prochloraz manganese.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…November/December 2015 in a practical resistance once the frequency of phenotypes prevents commercially acceptable disease control levels to be achieved under standard usage regimes. 23 The fact that resistance has developed in L. fungicola 21,24 and many other pathogens of field crops, [25][26][27] combined with the fact that most Cladobotryum spp. produce abundant conidia and have repeated infection cycles, may suggest that Cladobotryum spp.…”

Section: Volume 111 | Number 11/12mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro sensitivity testing of Cladobotryum mycophilum to carbendazim and prochloraz manganese

2015

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Limited information of fungicide efficacy on cultivated mushrooms and resistance development potential is available. Minor crop industries in general have a smaller arsenal of protectants to rely on and the likelihood of resistance build-up is of greater concern. This study focused on Cladobotryum mycophilum's sensitivity to carbendazim and prochloraz manganese following recent reports on decreased efficacy of both fungicides. The median effective dose (ED50) values for carbendazim ranged between 0.02 mg/L and 4.31 mg/L with 60% of the South African isolates being moderately resistant. The highest resistance factor for carbendazim was 215. Prochloraz manganese ED50 values varied from 0.00001 mg/L to 0.55 mg/L. A significant difference in mean ED50 values for both fungicides tested was observed. Using cluster analysis, no discrimination of isolates previously exposed and unexposed to prochloraz manganese was observed. A wide range of differences in ED50 values indicated moderate resistance to carbendazim and high sensitivity to prochloraz manganese among isolates under investigation. Discriminant analysis indicated significant differences between clusters contributed by one or a few variables. This study provided evidence that prochloraz manganese remains highly fungitoxic to C. mycophilum. However, prochloraz manganese is to be used in a disease management strategy in combination with strict farm hygiene management strategies to retain product efficacy and ensure crop protection.

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In vitro sensitivity of Verticillium fungicola to selected fungicides

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Chemical control of dry bubble disease induced by Verticillium fungicola [Preuss] Hassebr on white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporous

Chemical control of dry bubble disease induced by Verticillium fungicola [Preuss] Hassebr on white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporous

Fungicide sensitivity ofTrichodermaspp. fromAgaricus bisporusfarms in Serbia

In vitro sensitivity testing of Cladobotryum mycophilum to carbendazim and prochloraz manganese

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